Biomechanics

Question 1

Define what sports and exercise biomechanics is

Answer 1

we define sport and exercise biomechanics as the stud of forces and their effects on humans in exercise and sport.

Question 2

what are the three types of motion

Answer 2

• linear motion
• angular motion
• general motion

Question 3

what is an example of linear motion

Answer 3

riding a bike down a hill

Question 4

what is angular motion also referred to as

Answer 4

rotary motion or rotation

Question 5

what is an example of angular motion

Answer 5

ice skater in a spin

Question 6

what is an example of general motion

Answer 6

walking

Question 7

what is the equation for speed

Answer 7

distance/time

Question 8

what is the equation for velocity

Answer 8

displacement/time = average velocity

Question 9

what is the equation or acceleration

Answer 9

Acceleration = velocity/time

Question 10

what is uniform acceleration

Answer 10

An object that is increasing its acceleration at a constant rate

Question 11

what are projectiles

Answer 11

Most sports involve projectiles, any sport involving an implement that you kick throw or hit. The
human body can also be a projectile

Question 12

in what sports can the human body be considered a projectile

Answer 12

• gymnastics

- long jump

Question 13

define trajectory

Answer 13

the path a projectile follows through the air from the moment of release to the
moment it lands.

Question 14

define horizontal motion

Answer 14

the horizonal distance a body travels whilst in the air. Is the range of the projectile

Question 15

define vertical motion

Answer 15

The vertical velocity imparted on an object now of release. Is responsible for the lift of a projectile

Question 16

define the time of flight

Answer 16

The time a projectile spends in the air

Question 17

what are the three factors which affect the projectile range

Answer 17

1. Velocity of release
2. Angle of release
3. Height of release

Question 18

what is the velocity of release in terms of factors that will affect projectile range

Answer 18

The result of the horizontal and vertical velocity upon release of the projectile will affect the range of a projectile

Question 19

what is the angle of release in terms of factors that will affect the projectile range

Answer 19

Determines the shape of trajectory, usually between 0 and 90 degrees. The optimum angle of release depends on the activity.

Question 20

describe the optimal theoretical angle of release

Answer 20

45 degrees is the greatest theoretical distance, as vertical horizontal velocity is equal to vertical velocity upon release.

Question 21

what will higher angles of release result in (above 45 degrees)

Answer 21

This will result in shorter distances, greater heights and longer flight times. The vertical velocity will be greater than the horizontal velocity

Question 22

what will lower angles of release result in (above 45 degrees)

Answer 22

This will result in longer distances, lower heights and shorter flight times. The horizontal velocity is greater than the vertical velocity.

Question 23

what is the height of release

Answer 23

The difference between the height of release and height of landing. The optimum release angle at a height of zero is 45 degrees

Question 24

what happens if the release of a projectile is higher than the landing level

Answer 24

The optimum angle of release will decrease or be less than 45 degrees

Question 25

What happens if the release of a projectile lower than the landing level

Answer 25

The optimum angle of release will be more than 45 degrees.

Question 26

what is the projectile distance

Answer 26

Increasing the height of release, in most instances, will mean greater flight time and distance if the velocity and angle remain constant

Question 27

what are two factors that can affect the trajectory of a projectile

Answer 27

• air resistance

- spin