Biology- Respiration Flashcards
The importance of respiration
-it’s an exothermic reaction (releases energy)
- it releases energy from glucose molecules
Respiration cam be aerobic (with oxygen) or anaerobic ( without oxygen)
Why do organisms need this energy
-for chemical reactions
-for movement
-to keep warm
What is the equation for aerobic respiration
C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2) ——> 6CO(2) + 6H(2)O
Glucose + oxygen——> carbon dioxide + water
What are the equations for Anaerobic respiration
For living organisms
- glucose——> lactic acid
For plants and yeast
- glucose——> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is aerobic respiration
It is what happens when there is plenty of oxygen available
Aerobic means ‘with oxygen’ and is the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose. This type of respiration goes on all the time in plants and animals
What is anaerobic respiration
When you do really vigorous exercise your body cannot supply enough oxygen round the body to your muscles. This is why you start to respire anaerobically instead
Anaerobic means ‘without oxygen’ and it transfers less energy so is less efficient. The glucose is only partially broken down causing a build up of lactic acid
Complete this sentence
In anaerobic respiration the glucose is only ________ used up and ____________ is also produced
1) partially
2) lactic acid
What is anaerobic respiration is yeast cells called
Fermentation
How can you ‘pay back’ oxygen debt
Deep breathing
Why does the rate of respiration need to increase
Because, during exercise, the body demands more energy
How can you supply more oxygen to your muscles
Increase heart rate, breathing rate and breath volume
What causes cramps during vigorous exercise
Lactic acid build up in your muscles
What is oxygen deficit
The volume difference between actual O(2) uptake and ideal uptake
What is oxygen debt
The extra volume of O(2) needed to react with all the lactic acid
What is metabolism
Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions in a cell or in the body
