Biology- Hormones And Reproduction

Question 1

What is Oestrogen

Answer 1

• made in the ovaries, oestrogen is the main female hormone, at puberty eggs begin to mature and be released. This is called ovulation

Question 2

What is testosterone

Answer 2

• made in the testes, testosterone is the main male hormone, it stimulates sperm production

Question 3

What are the 4 hormones involved in the menstrual cycle

Answer 3

• follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
• Oestrogen
• luteinising hormone (LH)
• progesterone

Question 4

Where are they produced and what do they do ?

Answer 4

• FSH is produced in the pituitary gland and causes eggs to mature in the ovaries in the first part of the cycle
• oestrogen is produced in the ovaries and makes the lining of the uterus grow again
• LH is produced in the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of eggs
• progesterone is produced in the ovaries and maintains the lining of the uterus during the second part of the cycle

Question 5

How can fertility be reduced

Answer 5

Contraception

Question 6

Hormonal methods include…

Answer 6

• oral contraceptives (the combined pill - contains oestrogen and progesterone which stop FSH production)
• an injection, implant or skin patch of slow release progesterone to stop the maturing of eggs

Question 7

Non- hormonal methods include…

Answer 7

• barrier methods such as condoms
• spermicide that kill sperm
• surgical methods that are permanent