Bio Ch 7 Flashcards
Which of the following would NOT be a photosynthetic autotroph? Pine Tree, Kelp (seaweed), algae, or amoeba?,
Amoeba
The task is to match the lettered items with the correct numbered items.
A. Thylakoids
B. Stroma
C. Mesophyll
D. Stomata
E. Grana
F. Chlorophyll
1) Photosynthetic pigment responsible for the light reactions
2) Membranous stacks
3) Fluid where the Calvin cycle occurs
4) Membranes which contain chlorophyll
5) Contains many chloroplasts
6) Allows the plant to bring in CO2 and release O2
1 - F
2 - E
3 - B
4 - A
5 - C
6 - D
To which level of organization do leaves belong?
Organ
To which level of organization does mesophyll belong?
Tissue
To which level of organization does the chloroplast belong?
Organelle
Where are the components of the light reaction found? (Where do the light reactions take place?)
In the Thylakoids
Which of the following is a product of carbon fixation? Water, Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, Glucose.
Glucose
Which of the following is a reactant used during carbon fixation? Water, Light, Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen.
Carbon Dioxide
Why are Plants green
because they reflect green wavelengths of light.
During photosynthesis, ______ is used by a plant to breakdown a carbohydrate and release O2
Water
During photosynthesis, water is used by a plant to breakdown a ________ and release ________
carbohydrate , O2
Is Carbon dioxide is used in the synthesis of glucose.
yes
The light independent reactions of the Calvin cycle occur in the _________
Chloroplast
What is the ultimate source of energy for most organisms
the sun
The ____________ is associated with the process of electron transport
thylakoid membranes
To make one glucose molecule, the Calvin Cycle uses a total of _____ CO2
6
Do Plant cells have both chloroplasts and mitochondria.
TRUE
T/F? Only plants are capable of photosynthesis.
FALSE: Algae and bacteria are also capable
in the calvin cycle, energy from _______ & ________ is captured and used to make ________
photosynthesis
Does the calvin cycle require light
no, just resources that need light
What is the end product of the Calvin cycle
glucose, ATP, and ADP
Protons (H+) accumulate in the thylakoid space during electron transport between __________
photosystem I and II.
The products of photosynthesis are ________ & ________
oxygen and glucose.
T/F Oxygen production in photosynthesis involves in _________
Photosystem II
which happens first in photosynthesis: Light dependent reactions or light independent
dependent
________ is the pigment most involved in the reaction centers of photosystems.
Chlorophyll a
______ _______ are full of energy stored from photosynthesis millions of years ago.
Fossil fuels
T/F? Chlorophyll c is a major photosynthetic pigment in plants.
FALSE
Where do the protons that accumulate in the thylakoid space during electron transport between photosystem I and II go?
They diffuse out and eventually leave the plant
Where does chemiosmotic ATP synthesis occur
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Plants are _________ Autotrophs
Photosynthetic
What is a photosynthetic autotroph
It makes its own energy via sunlight
Photosynthesis converts_______ energy from _____ into _______ energy stored in ______
light (kinetic) from the sun
Chemical from glucose
Photosynthesis equation
6CO2 + 6H2O + Light = C6H12O6 +6O2 + ATP
Aquatic plants often have bubbles on their leaves. How are these bubbles formed
from the release of O2 from their stomata produced via photosynthesis
Which organelle does photosynthesis occur
cholorplast
Define Chlorophyll
Photosynthetic pigment responsible for the light reactions
Define Mesophyll
An tissue that contains alot of chloroplast
Define Stomata
Pores that allow gas exchange
Define Stroma
Fluid surrounding grana where the Calvin cycle occurs (makes sugar)
Define Thylakiods
Pigment that absorbs light (Contains chlorophyll and preforms photosynthesis)
Define Grana
Membranous stacks of thylakiods
Why do leaves need stomata
to allow intake of CO2 and release O2
Light from the sun consists of ______________ energy which travels in _____
electromagnetic energy, waves
_______ are discrete packages of energy that travel in waves
Photons
_________ is the distance between the crest of 2 adjacent waves
Wavelength
The _____ the wavelenght, the higher the energy
shorter
Transmitted light
Light goes straight through (transparent objects)
Absorbed light
Frequency is the same as the molecule it is hitting
Reflected light
Frequency is different and bounces off (opque)
What method of light reation is best for capturing energy of light (Transmission, absoption, or reflection)
absorption
Why do most leaves appear green?
They absorb blue-violent and orange-red, reflecting green
What color(s) does Chlorophyll a absorb?
Blue-Violent
Red
What color(s) does Chlorophyll a reflect?
Green
Does Chloropyll a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
Yes (it is the primary pigment)
What color(s) does Chlorophyll a absorb? Reflect?
Does Chloropyll a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
A: Blue-Violent & Red
R: Green
Yes (it is the primary pigment)
What color(s) does Chlorophyll b absorb?
Blue and orange
What color(s) does Chlorophyll b reflect?
Yellow and green
Does Chloropyll b directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
No (it is an accessory pigment)
What color(s) does Chlorophyll b absorb? Reflect?
Does Chloropyll b directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
A: Blue and orange
R: Yellow and green
No (it is an accessory pigment)
What color(s) do Carotenoids absorb?
Blue-green
Violet
What color(s) do Carotenoids reflect?
Yellow and orange
Do Carotenoids directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
No (it is an accessory pigment)
What color(s) do Carotenoids absorb? Reflect?
Do Carotenoids a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
A: Blue-green and Violet
R: Yellow and orange
No (it is an accessory pigment)
What is Photoprotection?
In Carotenoids: protects from excess energy. Absorbs and disipates is to it doesnt react with any O2 a & doesnt interact it tissue and destroy it. Happens when too much light is present
in light reactions, energy from _______ is captured and used to make ______ & _______
energy from sunlight
makes ATP & NADH
in the calvin cycle, energy from _______ & ________ is captured and used to make ______
Energy in ATP and NADH
Makes glucose
Where do light reations take place?
thylakoids
Where does the calvin cycle take place
stroma
Light excites molecules which passes energy to chlorophyll __ which donates the ______ to a primary exceptor
chlorophyll a, electrons
What is produced in the light reactions? reactants?
Reactants: Light energy and H2O
Products: O2, NADPH, ATP
Which of the products from light reactions go into the calvin cycle
NADPH
What products of light reactions is released as waste
O2
What molecule captures the energy for light reactions? where is it?
Pigment molecules, thylakoid membrane
What is the products of the calvin cycle
Glucose, NADP+, and ADP +P
Which of the products from the calvin cycle is recycled back into the light reactoins
NADP+ and ADP+P
Which product of the calvin cycle is a form of chemical energy for the plant cell
glucose
Where does the energy supply for the calvin cycle originate? what is it?
from light reactions, NADPH
What is carbon fixation? what is the molecule being fixed and what is made
RuBP binds with CO2, fixing it to become another intermediate
bound via rubisco enzyme
Why do most plants appear green
chlorophyll
Why is it beneficial for plants to have mroe thn one type of pigment
Mulitple pigments help the plant absorb as much light as possibel
Do plant cells have mitochondria? why or why not?
Yes, they use the glucose from photosyntesis to complete cellular respiration
Describe the events of the calvin cycle
Carbon fixation: Rubisco enzyme adds CO2 to RuBP to make 3-PGA
Reduction reactions: 3-PGA (from carbon fixation) is reduced to G3P, NADPH is oxidized, 6 ATP used
Release of 1 G3P: Makes glucose, starch, cellulose, etc
Regeneration of RuBP: 3 ATP used to reagrrange G3P to RuBP so the cycle can continue
Which step of the Calvin cycle requires no extra energy?
Carbon Fixation
The calvin cycle makes ______ from _____, _______, _________
makes G3P (glucose) from ATP, NADPH, and CO2
what is Carbon fixation
How many ATP are used
Rubisco enzyme adds CO2 to RuBP to make 3-PGA
0 ATP
What is Reduction reaction in the calvin Cycle?
how many ATP are used?
3-PGA (from carbon fixation) is reduced to G3P, NADPH is oxidized
6 ATP used
What is Regeneration of RuBP in the calvin Cycle?
how many ATP are used?
reagrrangment of G3P to RuBP so the cycle can continue
3 ATP
How much ATP is used in the calvin cycle
9
How many glucose molecules are made from G3P
1/2
RuBP is used for_________
carbon fixation
What (in the basic sense) does carbon fixation do?
Converts CO2 into organic compounds
What is the relationship between light reactions and the calvin cycle
Light reactions provide NADPH for the calvin cycle which uses it to make glucose for cellular respiration and NADP and ADP+P for light reations to continue
What do plants do with sugars made by photosynthesis for
cellular respiration
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar
Both create energy for the cell and use gasses to do so
Light reaction: Location, reactants, products, overall function
Location: Tylakoids
Reactants: Light Energy + H2O
Products: O2, NADPH + ATP
Overall function: Convert light energy into chemical energy to power the calvin cycle and the plant
Calvin Cycle: Location, reactants, products, overall function
Location: Stroma
Reactants: ATP + NADPH
Products: Glucose + NADP+ + ADP+P
Overall function: Make glucose for the plant
