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Su24 > Bio Ch 7 > Flashcards

Bio Ch 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following would NOT be a photosynthetic autotroph? Pine Tree, Kelp (seaweed), algae, or amoeba?,

A

Amoeba

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2
Q

The task is to match the lettered items with the correct numbered items.
A. Thylakoids
B. Stroma
C. Mesophyll
D. Stomata
E. Grana
F. Chlorophyll

1) Photosynthetic pigment responsible for the light reactions
2) Membranous stacks
3) Fluid where the Calvin cycle occurs
4) Membranes which contain chlorophyll
5) Contains many chloroplasts
6) Allows the plant to bring in CO2 and release O2

A

1 - F
2 - E
3 - B
4 - A
5 - C
6 - D

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3
Q

To which level of organization do leaves belong?

A

Organ

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4
Q

To which level of organization does mesophyll belong?

A

Tissue

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5
Q

To which level of organization does the chloroplast belong?

A

Organelle

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6
Q

Where are the components of the light reaction found? (Where do the light reactions take place?)

A

In the Thylakoids

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7
Q

Which of the following is a product of carbon fixation? Water, Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, Glucose.

A

Glucose

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8
Q

Which of the following is a reactant used during carbon fixation? Water, Light, Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen.

A

Carbon Dioxide

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9
Q

Why are Plants green

A

because they reflect green wavelengths of light.

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10
Q

During photosynthesis, ______ is used by a plant to breakdown a carbohydrate and release O2

A

Water

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11
Q

During photosynthesis, water is used by a plant to breakdown a ________ and release ________

A

carbohydrate , O2

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12
Q

Is Carbon dioxide is used in the synthesis of glucose.

A

yes

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13
Q

The light independent reactions of the Calvin cycle occur in the _________

A

Chloroplast

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14
Q

What is the ultimate source of energy for most organisms

A

the sun

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15
Q

The ____________ is associated with the process of electron transport

A

thylakoid membranes

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16
Q

To make one glucose molecule, the Calvin Cycle uses a total of _____ CO2

A

6

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17
Q

Do Plant cells have both chloroplasts and mitochondria.

A

TRUE

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18
Q

T/F? Only plants are capable of photosynthesis.

A

FALSE: Algae and bacteria are also capable

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19
Q

in the calvin cycle, energy from _______ & ________ is captured and used to make ________

A

photosynthesis

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20
Q

Does the calvin cycle require light

A

no, just resources that need light

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21
Q

What is the end product of the Calvin cycle

A

glucose, ATP, and ADP

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22
Q

Protons (H+) accumulate in the thylakoid space during electron transport between __________

A

photosystem I and II.

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23
Q

The products of photosynthesis are ________ & ________

A

oxygen and glucose.

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24
Q

T/F Oxygen production in photosynthesis involves in _________

A

Photosystem II

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25
Q

which happens first in photosynthesis: Light dependent reactions or light independent

A

dependent

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26
Q

________ is the pigment most involved in the reaction centers of photosystems.

A

Chlorophyll a

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27
Q

______ _______ are full of energy stored from photosynthesis millions of years ago.

A

Fossil fuels

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28
Q

T/F? Chlorophyll c is a major photosynthetic pigment in plants.

A

FALSE

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29
Q

Where do the protons that accumulate in the thylakoid space during electron transport between photosystem I and II go?

A

They diffuse out and eventually leave the plant

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30
Q

Where does chemiosmotic ATP synthesis occur

A

Inner mitochondrial membrane

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31
Q

Plants are _________ Autotrophs

A

Photosynthetic

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32
Q

What is a photosynthetic autotroph

A

It makes its own energy via sunlight

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33
Q

Photosynthesis converts_______ energy from _____ into _______ energy stored in ______

A

light (kinetic) from the sun
Chemical from glucose

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34
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

6CO2 + 6H2O + Light = C6H12O6 +6O2 + ATP

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35
Q

Aquatic plants often have bubbles on their leaves. How are these bubbles formed

A

from the release of O2 from their stomata produced via photosynthesis

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36
Q

Which organelle does photosynthesis occur

A

cholorplast

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37
Q

Define Chlorophyll

A

Photosynthetic pigment responsible for the light reactions

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38
Q

Define Mesophyll

A

An tissue that contains alot of chloroplast

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39
Q

Define Stomata

A

Pores that allow gas exchange

40
Q

Define Stroma

A

Fluid surrounding grana where the Calvin cycle occurs (makes sugar)

41
Q

Define Thylakiods

A

Pigment that absorbs light (Contains chlorophyll and preforms photosynthesis)

42
Q

Define Grana

A

Membranous stacks of thylakiods

43
Q

Why do leaves need stomata

A

to allow intake of CO2 and release O2

44
Q

Light from the sun consists of ______________ energy which travels in _____

A

electromagnetic energy, waves

45
Q

_______ are discrete packages of energy that travel in waves

A

Photons

46
Q

_________ is the distance between the crest of 2 adjacent waves

A

Wavelength

47
Q

The _____ the wavelenght, the higher the energy

A

shorter

48
Q

Transmitted light

A

Light goes straight through (transparent objects)

49
Q

Absorbed light

A

Frequency is the same as the molecule it is hitting

50
Q

Reflected light

A

Frequency is different and bounces off (opque)

51
Q

What method of light reation is best for capturing energy of light (Transmission, absoption, or reflection)

A

absorption

52
Q

Why do most leaves appear green?

A

They absorb blue-violent and orange-red, reflecting green

53
Q

What color(s) does Chlorophyll a absorb?

A

Blue-Violent
Red

54
Q

What color(s) does Chlorophyll a reflect?

A

Green

55
Q

Does Chloropyll a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)

A

Yes (it is the primary pigment)

56
Q

What color(s) does Chlorophyll a absorb? Reflect?
Does Chloropyll a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)

A

A: Blue-Violent & Red
R: Green
Yes (it is the primary pigment)

57
Q

What color(s) does Chlorophyll b absorb?

A

Blue and orange

58
Q

What color(s) does Chlorophyll b reflect?

A

Yellow and green

59
Q

Does Chloropyll b directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)

A

No (it is an accessory pigment)

60
Q

What color(s) does Chlorophyll b absorb? Reflect?
Does Chloropyll b directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)

A

A: Blue and orange
R: Yellow and green
No (it is an accessory pigment)

61
Q

What color(s) do Carotenoids absorb?

A

Blue-green
Violet

62
Q

What color(s) do Carotenoids reflect?

A

Yellow and orange

63
Q

Do Carotenoids directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)

A

No (it is an accessory pigment)

64
Q

What color(s) do Carotenoids absorb? Reflect?
Do Carotenoids a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)

A

A: Blue-green and Violet
R: Yellow and orange
No (it is an accessory pigment)

65
Q

What is Photoprotection?

A

In Carotenoids: protects from excess energy. Absorbs and disipates is to it doesnt react with any O2 a & doesnt interact it tissue and destroy it. Happens when too much light is present

66
Q

in light reactions, energy from _______ is captured and used to make ______ & _______

A

energy from sunlight
makes ATP & NADH

67
Q

in the calvin cycle, energy from _______ & ________ is captured and used to make ______

A

Energy in ATP and NADH
Makes glucose

68
Q

Where do light reations take place?

A

thylakoids

69
Q

Where does the calvin cycle take place

A

stroma

70
Q

Light excites molecules which passes energy to chlorophyll __ which donates the ______ to a primary exceptor

A

chlorophyll a, electrons

71
Q

What is produced in the light reactions? reactants?

A

Reactants: Light energy and H2O
Products: O2, NADPH, ATP

72
Q

Which of the products from light reactions go into the calvin cycle

A

NADPH

73
Q

What products of light reactions is released as waste

A

O2

74
Q

What molecule captures the energy for light reactions? where is it?

A

Pigment molecules, thylakoid membrane

75
Q

What is the products of the calvin cycle

A

Glucose, NADP+, and ADP +P

76
Q

Which of the products from the calvin cycle is recycled back into the light reactoins

A

NADP+ and ADP+P

77
Q

Which product of the calvin cycle is a form of chemical energy for the plant cell

A

glucose

78
Q

Where does the energy supply for the calvin cycle originate? what is it?

A

from light reactions, NADPH

79
Q

What is carbon fixation? what is the molecule being fixed and what is made

A

RuBP binds with CO2, fixing it to become another intermediate
bound via rubisco enzyme

80
Q

Why do most plants appear green

A

chlorophyll

81
Q

Why is it beneficial for plants to have mroe thn one type of pigment

A

Mulitple pigments help the plant absorb as much light as possibel

82
Q

Do plant cells have mitochondria? why or why not?

A

Yes, they use the glucose from photosyntesis to complete cellular respiration

83
Q

Describe the events of the calvin cycle

A

Carbon fixation: Rubisco enzyme adds CO2 to RuBP to make 3-PGA
Reduction reactions: 3-PGA (from carbon fixation) is reduced to G3P, NADPH is oxidized, 6 ATP used
Release of 1 G3P: Makes glucose, starch, cellulose, etc
Regeneration of RuBP: 3 ATP used to reagrrange G3P to RuBP so the cycle can continue

84
Q

Which step of the Calvin cycle requires no extra energy?

A

Carbon Fixation

85
Q

The calvin cycle makes ______ from _____, _______, _________

A

makes G3P (glucose) from ATP, NADPH, and CO2

86
Q

what is Carbon fixation
How many ATP are used

A

Rubisco enzyme adds CO2 to RuBP to make 3-PGA
0 ATP

87
Q

What is Reduction reaction in the calvin Cycle?
how many ATP are used?

A

3-PGA (from carbon fixation) is reduced to G3P, NADPH is oxidized
6 ATP used

88
Q

What is Regeneration of RuBP in the calvin Cycle?
how many ATP are used?

A

reagrrangment of G3P to RuBP so the cycle can continue
3 ATP

89
Q

How much ATP is used in the calvin cycle

A

9

90
Q

How many glucose molecules are made from G3P

A

1/2

91
Q

RuBP is used for_________

A

carbon fixation

92
Q

What (in the basic sense) does carbon fixation do?

A

Converts CO2 into organic compounds

93
Q

What is the relationship between light reactions and the calvin cycle

A

Light reactions provide NADPH for the calvin cycle which uses it to make glucose for cellular respiration and NADP and ADP+P for light reations to continue

94
Q

What do plants do with sugars made by photosynthesis for

A

cellular respiration

95
Q

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar

A

Both create energy for the cell and use gasses to do so

96
Q

Light reaction: Location, reactants, products, overall function

A

Location: Tylakoids
Reactants: Light Energy + H2O
Products: O2, NADPH + ATP
Overall function: Convert light energy into chemical energy to power the calvin cycle and the plant

97
Q

Calvin Cycle: Location, reactants, products, overall function

A

Location: Stroma
Reactants: ATP + NADPH
Products: Glucose + NADP+ + ADP+P
Overall function: Make glucose for the plant

Su24 (20 decks)

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