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Study 2nd sem > Bacte specimen management 2 > Flashcards

Bacte specimen management 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A set of blood culture bottle is composed of two
bottles - _____________________, Fill _________ first before _____________

A

one each of aerobic and anaerobic culture bottles, Aerobic, anaerobic

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2
Q

Disinfect the cap of blood culture bottles with _______________________ and wait ______

A

70%
isopropyl alcohol or chlorhexidine, 30 secs

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3
Q

Recommended blood-to-broth-ratio is ______________________ to
negate antibacterial activity

A

1:5 to 1:10

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4
Q

________________________ will satisfy the required volume of the sample to detect\ bacteremia

A

Three sets of blood cultures

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5
Q

At least ______ of blood collected per day

A

60ml

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6
Q

Collect samples before patient receive ____________________

A

antimicrobial therapy-

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7
Q

Do NOT draw more than ____________ in a 24-h period

A

four sets

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8
Q

specimen of
choice for urine culture

A

Clean-voided midstream (CVS) (Minimum volume: 2-3 mL)

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9
Q

preferred as it provides
more concentrated sample (specimen of choice for
molecular studies)

A

First morning specimen -

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10
Q

clean urethral area and
insert catheter into bladder, allowing first 15 ml to
pass then collect remainder

A

Catheterized specimen

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11
Q

specimen of choice for
anaerobic culture (needle aspiration above the
symphysis pubis through the abdominal wall into the
full bladder)

A

Suprapubic aspirate

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12
Q

aspirate 5-10 ml with needle
and syringe

A

Indwelling catheter

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13
Q

formula for colony count

A

Colony count = No. of colonies x Factor

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14
Q

1ul (0.001 ml) - Factor to be used: __________

A

1000

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15
Q

10ul (0.01 ml) - Factor to be used: _______

A

100

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16
Q

Values ____________________ indicate infections

A

greater than 1.0 X10^5

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17
Q

Values between __________________
colonies/ml are considered contaminants.

A

1.0 X 10^3 and 1.0 X10^5

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18
Q

Specimen of choice for the detection of
gastrointestinal pathogens

A

STOOL

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19
Q

Stool specimens should be ________________ to the
container; not be contaminated with urine or water.

A

excreted directly

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20
Q

How many specimens for Bacterial infection: ________________________

A

3 specimens (once a day for 3 days)

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21
Q

How many specimens for Parasitic infection: ________________________

A

3 specimens within 10
days

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22
Q

Ratio of Stool to Preservative -

A

1:3

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23
Q

In case of microscopy, use ________________ to
observe fecal WBCS.

A

methylene blue

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24
Q

If a patient has received antiparasitic drugs, the
specimen collection should be done after ______________

A

7 to 10
days

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25
Q

If a patient is undergoing barium studies, the
patient must delay specimen collection until the
_______________________________

A

barium has cleared (4 to 5 days)

26
Q

appears as a white chalky
substance in the specimen and masks the
appearance of parasites under the
microscope

A

Barium

27
Q

Do not perform routine stool cultures for patients
whose length of stay in the hospital ____________
and whose admitting diagnosis was _________________;
these patients should be tested for __________________

A

exceeds 3 days, not diarrhea, Clostridiodes difficile

28
Q

Used to diagnose bacterial pneumonia

A

SPUTUM

29
Q

is the preferred sputum (AFB microscopy)

A

First early morning specimen

30
Q

specimens are required for mycobacterial infections

A

Two to three consecutive early morning specimens

31
Q

Patients are allowed to breath aerosolized droplets of
solution containing _________________________ for approximately ________________ or until________________ is initiated

A

15% sodium chloride and 10% glycerin, 10 minutes

32
Q

_____________________ is used to collect sputum for pediatric and “uncooperative” patients

A

induced sputum

33
Q

Patients should gargle their mouth with water and
expectorate with the aid of a deep cough directly into
a sterile container

A

expectorated sputum

34
Q

Sputum is rejected if it
represents the saliva and not the lower respiratory tract secretions

A

Bartlett’s Criteria

35
Q

For sputum samples to be accepted
for cultivation, there should be _________________________ and
________________________ per LPO

A

<10 SQUAMOUS epithelial cells, >25 pus cells (PMNs)

36
Q

Collected through lumbar puncture

A

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

37
Q

CSF Should be processed ___________________ but can be stored up to __________________________

A

immediately, 6 hours at 35-37 deg C

37
Q

CSF specimen
1st tube: _____________________
2nd tube: ____________________
3rd tube: _________________

A

chemistry, microbiology, hematology

38
Q

CSF needed for bacteria % virus, AFB & fungi

A

equal or greater than 1ml
equal or greater than 2ml

39
Q

recommended method
for the CSF specimen

A

Rapid diagnostic testing (Direct Gram stain, Cryptococcal antigen test)

40
Q

Never refrigerate CSF for _________________, but for
viruses, it can be held for _____________________

A

bacteriology, 4 deg C for 3 days

41
Q

Use ____________________ if there’s no cytocentrifuge

A

acridine orange

42
Q

to collect sediment (used for staining or culture

A

Cytocentrifuge

43
Q

Add __________ for CSF collected from shunt

A

THIO

44
Q

Specimen of choice for the recovery of Bordetella
pertussis

A

NASOPHARYNX SWAB

45
Q

in nasopharynx swab A flexible swab is inserted through nose into __________________ and rotate for__________ and Must be transported within _______ (without transport medium)

A

posterior nasopharynx, 5 seconds, 15 minutes

46
Q

A pre-moistened swab with sterile saline should be
inserted approximately 1-2 cm (1inch) nares and
rotate against nasal mucosa

A

NASAL SWAB

47
Q

● Recommended specimen for the routine culture of
group A streptococci (S. pyogenes)
● Posterior pharynx and tonsils should be swabbed
without touching the palate and sides of the mouth
and tongue
GENITAL

A

THROAT/PHARYNX SWAB

48
Q

● Used to diagnose STDs or Venereal diseases
● The mucus should be removed prior to collection.

A

GENITAL SPECIMEN: CERVIX

49
Q

GENITAL SPECIMEN: CERVIX site of collection

A

● Endocervical canal

50
Q

● Exudates should be removed before specimen
collection.

A

GENITAL SPECIMEN: VAGINA

51
Q

Secretions from the_____________________ are swabbed.

A

mucous membrane of the
vagina

52
Q

Perform Gram stain for bacterial vaginosis, especially
WBCs, clue cells
○ Gram-positive rods: _______________________
○ Gram-negative rods: ________________________

A

presence of Lactobacillus, presence of Mobiluncus
spp.

53
Q

Traditional specimen of choice for Chlamydia trachomatis

A

GENITAL SPECIMEN: URETHRAL SWAB

54
Q

GENITAL SPECIMEN: URETHRAL SWAB Collect __________ after the patient’s last urination.

A

1 hour

55
Q

For microscopy, ____________ is utilized to observe fecal leukocytes

A

methylene blue

56
Q

GASTROINTESTINAL: RECTAL SWAB, A swab should inserted ________________ in past anal
sphincter; feces should be visible on swab.

A

1-1.5 cm

57
Q

______________________ medium can be utilized for rectal swabs.

A

Cary-Blair transport medium

58
Q

Collected early in
the morning before
the patient rises
from the bed or
takes his/her first
meal

A

Gastric Aspirate
(Gastric Wash or
Lavage)

59
Q
A
60
Q
A

Study 2nd sem (29 decks)

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