B4 - The Cell Cycle And Mitosis Flashcards
Why do cells divide?
To survive and grow.
What is the cell cycle? (Definition)
Body cells in multicellular organisms divide to produce new cells as part of a series of stages called the cell cycle.
What is mitosis?
The stage of the cell cycle when the cell divides.
What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for?
To grow (increasing the number of body cells)
To replace cells that have been damaged.
What is the result at the end of the cell cycle?
Two new identical cells to the original cell, with the same number of chromosomes.
Name the two main stages of the cell cycle.
Interphase and mitosis
Which stage takes the most time of the cell cycle?
The interphase.
Mitosis is a relatively small chunk of the cell cycle.
How is the DNA arranged in a cell that’s not dividing?
DNA is all spread out in long strings.
What happens to a cell before it divides?
The cell has to grow and increase the amount of subcellular structures such as mitochondria and ribosomes.
During the interphase what happens after the cell has grown and increased the amount of subcellular structures?
It duplicates its DNA so there is one copy for each new cell.
What is formed when the DNA is duplicated?
X shaped chromosomes.
What is in the left and right arm of the duplicated DNA?
Each arm of the chromosome is an exact copy of the other.
In the cell cycle, what happens after the interphase?
Mitosis
What does mitosis produce?
Two new daughter cells, which contain exactly the same chromosomes.
What are the daughter cells genetically identical to?
The parent cell
