B2 - Treating Disease

Question 1

What effect do painkillers have?

Answer 1

They prevent pain, but don’t kill pathogens

Question 2

What effect to cold remedies have?

Answer 2

Reduce how severe the symptoms are but doesn’t cure the disease

Question 3

Give two examples of drugs that relieve symptoms.

Answer 3

Painkillers

Cold remedies

Question 4

Why might it be necessary to use medicine that target the underlying cause of a disease?

Answer 4

The body might not be able to fight of the disease on it’s own

Question 5

Give two examples of drugs that target the underlying causes of the disease

Answer 5

Antibiotics

Antivirals

Question 6

How do medicines target the underlying causes of the disease?

Answer 6

The drugs kill or disable pathogens to treat or control the disease.

Question 7

What are antibiotics?

Answer 7

Chemical that kill bacteria without killing body cells

Question 8

How are many antibiotics produced?

Answer 8

Produced naturally by fungi and other microorganisms.

Pharmaceutical companies grow them on a large scale in a lab and extract the antibiotics.

Question 9

Why might antibiotics be given to someone who doesn’t have a disease?

Answer 9

Some times used to prevent bacteria infections from happening.

Question 10

Give an example of when a healthy person would be given antibiotics.

Answer 10

People in close contact with a person with bacterial meningitis may be given the antibiotic rifampin because it can prevent the spread of the disease from the infected person to them

Question 11

What is the antibiotic rifampin used to prevent?

Answer 11

Bacterial meningitis.

Question 12

Why is it difficult to produces antivirals?

Answer 12

Viruses use the host cells to replicate and it is hard to target the virus without damaging the cell

Question 13

How are antivirals used in the treatment of disease?

Answer 13

They stop the virus from reproducing but don’t kill it.

Question 14

What do doctors need to weigh up when deciding on what medicine to prescribe?

Answer 14

Potential benefits of medical against the risk and costs associated with them

Question 15

What are the risk associated with prescribing medicine?

Answer 15

Medicines can cause adverse reactions in the body

Question 16

Can all bacteria be killed with antibiotics?

Answer 16

So,e bacteria are naturally resistant to some antibiotics.

Question 17

What is the result of the misuse of antibiotics?

Answer 17

Bacteria can increase the rate of development of resistant strains.

Question 18

Give an example of the effects of not finishing a course of antibiotics.

Answer 18

If a full course of antibiotics is not completed resistant bacteria can become more common.
This is because the bacteria with the most resistance may survive the antibiotic treatment.
The resistant strains will have less competition and will be able to grow and reproduce.

Question 19

Give an example of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Why does it exisit?

Answer 19

Overuse of antibiotics creates resistant strains of bacteria MRSA.

Question 20

What do doctors have to balance when supplying antibiotics?

Answer 20

The welfare of the person and the welfare of other people e.g. are antibiotics necessary for a minor infection?

Question 21

Explain why many antibiotics are becoming less effective as treatments for infections. (3 marks)

Answer 21

Many antibiotics are being misused (1 mark)
Which has cause antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria to become more common (1 mark)
This means that antibodies are less effective at killing the bacteria that causes bacteria infections (1 mark)