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GCSE Science > B14 - Genetic and Evolution > Flashcards

B14 - Genetic and Evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

Evidence of Evolution

A
  • Fossils which contain remains or Organisms from millions of years ago
  • Bacteria becoming anti-biotic resistant, evolution occurs rapidly in Bacteria
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2
Q

Fossil Formation (Gradual Mineral Replacement)

A
  • Hard Parts (Teeth/Bones) replaced by minerals while decaying into a rock- (Casts)
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3
Q

Fossil Formation (Casts)

A
  • (Casts) Organism buried in soft material which hardens up, it decays and leaves a gap which is the same shape/size as it
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4
Q

Fossil Formation (Impressions)

A
  • Marks on the ground. footprints
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5
Q

Fossil Formation (Preservation)

A
  • Organism intact and didn’t decay as there’s no presence of Oxygen/Moisture
  • Could be preserved in Cold Climate, as its too cold
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6
Q

Extinction

A

Species is completely wiped out

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7
Q

Reasons for Extinction

A

Natural Selection - Species couldn’t adapt, hence died
Predators - E.g. Humans killing off Pandas/Lions
Natural Causes - Volcanic Activity, Meteors

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8
Q

What are Fossils

A

Remains of organisms from millions of years ago, which are found in rocks

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9
Q

Anti-Biotic Resistant Bacteria

A
  • Patients should have medicine for however long the Doctor prescribed them for, to kill all Bacteria
  • Bacteria can reproduce and become immune to Anti Biotic
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10
Q

Anti-Biotic Resistant Bacteria (In Agriculture)

A
  • Limit use of Anti-Biotics for Agriculture

- So that Resistant Animal Cells do not spread to Human Pathogens

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11
Q

(Linnaeus) Classification System

A
  • Animals sorted in categories based on Characteristics/Bone Structure
  • Organisms divided into Plant/Animal Kingdom
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12
Q

Kingdoms

A
  • Divided into smaller categories: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
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13
Q

Binomial System (Binomial Name)

A
  • Name given to the Genus and Species of an Organism, in Kingdoms
  • E.g. Humans Binomial Name is Homo (Genus) Sapiens (Species)
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14
Q

Three Domain System

A
  • Invented recently and helps categorize animals by looking/comparing their Biochemistry
  • Categorized into Eukaryotes, Archaea, True Bacteria
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15
Q

Evolutionary Tree

A
  • Use Classification Data (e.g. DNA) to make one

- For extinct animals, they use their Fossils, problematic as Fossil Records are incomplete

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GCSE Science (29 decks)

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