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Pharm > Antitubercular agents (part 4) > Flashcards

Antitubercular agents (part 4) Flashcards

1
Q

TB incubation period

A

2-10 weeks

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2
Q

Risk of progressive TB disease greatest in first ___ years?

A

2

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3
Q

what kind of immune response is caused by TB??

A

cell mediated

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4
Q

how long do TB cultures take?

A

6 weeks

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5
Q

what does TB diagnosis rely on?

A

AFB smear

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6
Q

TB sites

A

lungs, urinary tract, bone

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7
Q

primary TB

A

initial infection with the disease

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8
Q

reactivation of TB

A

patient infected in past has reactivation of disease

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9
Q

assume TB is contagious is they show which symptoms?

A

cough, undergoing cough inducing procedures, sputum smear is positive until 3 neg, pt needs to be on treatment at least 1 week, not responding to treatment

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10
Q

0.1cc of PPD with 5TU is injected to test what

A

to test for exposure

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11
Q

what will PPD show if positive

A

> 5mm induration

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12
Q

How much prophylaxis supply of INH medication do you give? dose?

A

1 month supply

dose: 300mg PO QD

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13
Q

Length of TB treatment

A

6-12 months

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14
Q

INH, RIF, PZA are commonly used in which patients?

A

pediatrics

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15
Q

EMB is not recommenced for which age group?

A

<13

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16
Q

Streptomycin is not recommended for use in which age group?

A

children

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17
Q

<5 yr old, what testing do they need?

A

color vision testing

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18
Q

do TB meds appear in breast milk?

A

yes, but do not discourage breakfeeding

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19
Q

pregnancy category for TB meds?

A

C, give because benefits outweigh risk, not shown to be toxic

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20
Q

We see prophylaxis TB patients every month, what do we monitor?

A

liver damage, fatigue, weakness, paresthesias of hands/feet, dark urine

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21
Q

who is at greatest risk for developing INH hepatitis?

A

> 35, drinkers, hs liver disease, taking meds that are toxic to the liver

22
Q

if you see s/s of toxicity what do you do?

A

DC INH immediately

23
Q

What do we monitor in patients for active tb?

A

chest xray at bassine then q6 months, sputum smear and culture at baseline then monthly until negative

24
Q

which specific monitoring do we do with INH?

A

periodic ophthalmologic exams

25
Q

which specific monitoring do we do with PZA?

A

blood glucose levels

26
Q

which specific monitoring do we do with EMB?

A

color vision for red/green at baseline and q2-3 months

27
Q

which specific monitoring do we do with SM?

A

audiogram prior to Tx then q2-3 month

28
Q

Is INH bacteriostatic or cidil?

A

both

29
Q

how does INH affect TB?

A

interferes with lipid and nucleic acid biosynthesis

30
Q

INH adverse effects?

A

urine orange-red, fever, rash, abnormal LFTs

31
Q

N/V, dizziness, slurring speech, blueing of vision, visual hallucination are all s/s of early or late INH overdose?

A

early

32
Q

respiratory distress, CNS depression are all s/s of early or late INH overdose ?

A

late

33
Q

do you take INH on an empty stomach?

A

yes, minimize alcohol consumption

34
Q

which foods should you avoid when taking INH?

A

wine, hard cheese, liver, tuna, sauerkraut

35
Q

Is Rifampin bacteriostatic or cidil?

A

both

36
Q

which drug suppresses RNA synthesis?

A

Rifampin

37
Q

if we give Rifampin at higher doses what s/s do we see

A

flu like symptoms, hematopoietic reactions

38
Q

Do you take Rifampin on an empty stomach?

A

yes

39
Q

Is Pyrazinamide bacteriostatic or cidil?

A

depends on dose

40
Q

how are diabetic patients affected with PZA?

A

BS control is harder to control

41
Q

most common adverse affects of PZA?

A

gout and hepatic toxicity

42
Q

does PZA have a P450 interaction?

A

no

43
Q

Is Ethambutol HCL (EMB) bacteriostatic or cidil?

A

cidial but only active against mycobacterium

44
Q

optic neuritis, loss of acuity, loss of red-green discrimination are sever adverse effects of which drug?

A

Ethambutol HCL (EMB)

45
Q

which may delay/reduce absorption of EMB?

A

aluminum salts

46
Q

Do you takeEthambutol HCL (EMB) with or without food?

A

take with food

47
Q

Is Cycloserine bacterial static or cidil?

A

both

48
Q

when do you give Ethionamide?

A

when first line drugs fail

49
Q

Should you take Ethionamide with or without food?

A

take with food

50
Q

tremor, psychosis, somnolence, depression, confusion, vertigo, convulsions are adverse effects of which drug?

A

Cycloserine

Pharm (33 decks)

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