Allergic Rhinitis pt 1 Flashcards
What is allergic response
-response to allergens, presence of mast cells.
-sensitizaition after intial exposure, subsequent enact symptom via mast cell release
-same response as for foreign invader
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What conditions are allergic processes linked to
Asthma, recurrent OM, sinusitis, nasal polyps, sleep apnea
Acute vs perennial allergic rhinitis
acute: seasonal, hay fever
perennial: all year
Conditions needed for allergy
persistant and mild
intermittent and moderat-severe
Facial cues for allergic rhinitis
Puffy eyes and mouth-breathing
Facial cues for allergic rhinitis
Puffy eyes and mouth-breathing
Symptoms of allergies
-same time every season, more sneezing and itching, runny nose or congestion, long lasting
Nasal irrigation as therapy
Well tolerated and helpful, little benefit
flushes out irritants at back of nose. low adherence
Saline lubrication as therapy
TLC relief, inside nose on irritated area
Antihistamine mechanism of action
H1 binding next to blood cells, results in sneezing
H2 is in stomach
-best used if prior to exposure and for duration. Tolerance unlikely to happen
-2nd gen h1 blocker best choice and better affinity
-also block cholinergic fibres, causing anti-cholergic s/e (dry mouth, constipation)
1st gen antihistamine examples
Brands: Antrax (skin reaction and sedation, tipolon, benadryl
Promethazine, ehtanolamines, alkylamines
Ethanolamines
dph is most common. more sedation
-also doxyamine and clemastine
Alkylamines
Chloropheniramine is most common
also brompheniramine, dexbrompheniramine, triprolidine
Alkylamines
Chloropheniramine is most common
also brompheniramine, dexbrompheniramine, triprolidine
Rank sedation of 1st gen antihistamines
promethazine, ethanolamines, alkylamines
-promethazine only in hospitals
-potential to make drowsy when cross BBB
