ALKOHOLI Flashcards

1
Q

splošna formula alkoholov

A

R-OH

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2
Q

kako poimenujemo alkohole glede na št oh skupin

A

1 oh skupina -ol
2 oh skupini -diol
3 oh skupine -triol

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3
Q

kako poimenujemo C2H5OH

A

etanol

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4
Q

kako razdelimo alkohole

A

primarni 1 R skupina na C-OH
sekundarni 2R skupina na C-OH
tercialni 3R skupina na C-OH

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5
Q

opiši etanol

A

C2H5OH
je brezbarvna tekočina, gori z modrim plamenom
čisti etanol je strupen- že 0,5% v krvi povzroči smrt

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6
Q

kako se pridobiva etanol

A

tehnično iz krompirja

sintetično iz etena ali etina

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7
Q

delovanje etanola

A
  • antiseptično in dezificientno (70%)
  • rubefaciens
  • topilo za ekstrakcijo učinkovin iz drog
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8
Q

farmakopejsko oficinalni sta kateri dve koncentraciji

A
  • 96%(v/v) in

- 100%(v/v)

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9
Q

opiši glicerol kemijsko

A

propan-1,2,3-triol
CH2-OH
CH-OH
CH2-OH

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10
Q

opiši glicerol

A

je sestavina maščob- brezbarvna sladka tekočina

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11
Q

izopropanol

A
  • antiseptik, dezificient
  • podoben etanolu le bolj toksičen
  • razkuževanje kože pred operacijami
  • propan-2-ol
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12
Q

sorbitol

A
  • bel prašek

- vlažiec v različnih pripravkah

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13
Q

stearol

A
  • bela zrnca
  • deluje emolientno & je neionegi emulgaor V/O
  • oktadekanol
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