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RUSVM Pathology 2 > Alimentary 2 > Flashcards

Alimentary 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is atresia coli?

A

Congenital anomalies

Complete occlusion/obliteration of the intestinal lumen

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2
Q

What causes a prominent megacolon due to imperforate anus with concomitant recto-vaginal fistula

A

Atresia ani

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3
Q

What is lethal white syndrome?

A

Congenital colonic agangliosis
-> autosomal recessive genetic disorder

Absence of myenteric and submucosal PS ganglia –> immobility and colic

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4
Q

An acquired obstruction of the intestine that is composed of concentric lamellae of magnesium and ammonium phosphate

A

Enterolith

-> usually forms around a forigen body eg nail or wire

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5
Q

What is a trichobenozar?

A

Hairball

-> usually in the forestomach and abomasum

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6
Q

What is a phytobezoar?

A

Composed of mainly plant material impregnated with phosphate salts

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7
Q

What parasite can be found in the intestine of horses and can cause obstruction? What kind of lesion do they cause?

A

Parascaris equorum

Catharral inflammation

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8
Q

What are causes of acquired stenosis/stricture within the GI tract?

A

Penetrating wounds

Chronic salmonellosis–>thrombosis and embolism –> common to cause stricture at the transition to distal colon

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9
Q

The protrusion of an organ or part of an organ/tissue through an abnormal opening

A

Hernia

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10
Q

What is the difference between and internal and external hernia?

A

Internal- displaced through a foramina in the abdominal cavity

External- displacement outside the abdominal cavity

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11
Q

In an external hernia, the contents are displaced inside a pouch called the _____________ which is composed of the peritoneum and the skin

A

Hernial sac

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12
Q

If the displaced abdominal contents of a hernia are not covered by peritoneum, the lesion is called an ___________

A

Eventration

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13
Q

What is the most common cause of intestinal ischemia ?

A

Venous infarction

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14
Q

What is the difference between a torsion and a volvulus

A

Torsion-> twist about the long axis of the viscus

Volvulus-> twists of the intestine on its mesenteric axis

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15
Q

Loop of intestine is edematous, congestion, and hemorrhagic
Wall is thickened
Deep red-black appearance

A

Venous infarction

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16
Q

A diaphragmatic hernia can have what causes?

A

Congenital

Trauma

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17
Q

Intestinal loops are passing through the greater and lesser omentum, through the epiploic foramen, what type of hernia is this?

A

Internal hernia

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18
Q

Peduculated lipomas wrapped around loops of intestine cause __________

A

Strangulation and venous infarction

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19
Q

If the intestine is rotated around its mesenteric axis, it is called ?

A

Volvulus

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20
Q

If intestine is rotated along its longitudinal axis it is called?

A

Torsion

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21
Q

Both volvulus and torsion result in the compressions of the ______________ arteries and veins resulting in ischemia

A

Mesenteric

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22
Q

What is intussusception? What are possible competitions?

A

When intestine telescopes on itself

Pressure necrosis, bacterial and toxic
Fibrosis

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23
Q

What do you call inflammation of the cecum?

A

Typhlitis

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24
Q

Virus of cattle that causes multifocal necrotizing colitis and peyers patch necrosis?

A

Bovine viral diarrhea

Pestivirus

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25
Q

Viral disease of ruminants causing a fibro-necrotizing vasculitis with prominent lymphocytic perivascular infiltrates

A

Malignant catarrhal fever

Gamma herpesvirus

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26
Q

What is catarrhal inflammation?

A

Pattern of acute inflammation

Secretion or accumulation of a thick gelatinous fluid with mucus

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27
Q

Catarrhal inflammation is most common in what tissue type?

A

Tissues with abundant goblet cells and mucus glands

GI and respiratory

28
Q

What is malignant catarrhal fever?

A

Fatal, multisystemic disease of cattle and small ruminatns

Targets lymphoid organs and epithelial tissues (musical ulceration)
–> lymphoproliferative, vasculitis, and erosive to ulcerative mucosal lesions.

Gamma herpesvirus

29
Q

Common cause of neonatal diarrheal in calves due to severe villous atrophy and fusion.

A

Bovine coronavirus

30
Q

What is the infectious agent responsible for causing transmissible gastro-enteritis (TGE) in piglets?

A

Porcine coronavirus

31
Q

Coronavirus predominately replicates in _____________

A

Enterocytes

–> causes very thin walled intestine

32
Q

_________ causes diarrhea in young animals by causing damage to surface enterocytes resulting in villous atrophy

A

Rotavirus

33
Q

Dog

Diffuse, segmental hyperemic
Formation of diphtheria membrane

What is the cause?

A

Canine parvovirus

34
Q

Cat

Segmental fibrinolysis-hemorrhagic enteritis

A

Panleukopenia (feline parvovirus)

35
Q

Cat

Fibrinous to granulomatous serositis

Protein rich effusions in body cavities and granulomatous inflammatory lesions in several organs

A

Feline infectious peritonitis

Feline coronavirus

36
Q

What are the three immune reactions to feline infectous peritonitis?

A

Strong cell-mediated -> replication is terminated

Weak cell mediated -> persist in macrophage -> pyogranulomatous (non effusive)

No cell mediated -> viremia -> fibrinonecrotic peritonitis and vasculitis (effusive)

37
Q

What is the cause of edema disease in pigs?

A

Verotoxogenic Ecoli

-> endothelial cell injury in arteries -> fluid loss and edema

38
Q

In pig,

Red and hemorrhagic intestines in the best, fastest growing pigs

Also swelling of the eyelids

A

Edema disease (vertoxic ecoli)

39
Q

T/F: E.coli and closteridal enterotoxemia affect the best nourished animals

A

True

40
Q

________________ bacteria produces and angiotoxin wihich causes intestinal lesions and symmetrical encephalomalacia in sheep

A

C. Perfringens type D

41
Q

Chicken

Necrotic vili lined by gram positive bacilli, colonizing the apical border

A

Clostridum perfrignens type A

42
Q

What is the main target of clostridum piliforme?

A

Liver

Tyzzer’s disease

43
Q

What infection of horses is often associated with antibiotic therapy or dietary changes?

A

Clostridum perfringens type A or clostridum difficile

-> typhocolitis

44
Q

What lesions does salmonellosis cause int he intestine?

A

Edema and hemorrhage

Fibro-necrotizing entero-colitis

45
Q

In a pig,

Button ulcers and rectal strictures are manifestations of ??

A

Chronic salmonellosis

46
Q

What causes a cerebriform appearance of the intestine of a pig?
What is the MDx?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

Proliferative ileitis

47
Q

What is the disease name for proliferative ileitits caused by lawsonia intracellularis in a pig?

A

Porcine proliferative enteropathy

48
Q

What form of porcine proliferative enteropathy has hemorrhage within the lumen of the ileum?

A

Proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy

49
Q

Swine dysentery is caused by ?? What kind of lesions does it cause?

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

Large bowel diarrhea with mucous and blood
Fribronecrotizing

50
Q

What bacteria causes enterocolitis in young horses?

A

Rhodococcus equi

51
Q

Rhodococcus equi is associated with what lesions in the intestines?

A

Ulcerative and pyogranulomatous

Prominent regional lymphadentitis

52
Q

Chronic debase in ruminants that is characterized by interemittent to progressive diarrhea, followed by hypoproteinemia, cachexia, emacitaion, and death

A

Johne’s disease (paratuberculosis)

53
Q

Histology of cow intestine..

Blunt atrophic ileal villi, hyperplastic crypts
Heavy inflammatory infiltrate in lamina propria and submucosa

A

Jonhes disease (paratuberculosis)

54
Q

Boxer dog

Thickened and ulcerated intestinal mucosa
Histology -> severe loss of glandular structure and cellular infiltration with macrophages

A

Granulomatous colitis

AKA histiocytic ulcerative colitis

55
Q

Granulomatous colitis in boxers appears to be associated with intramucosal colonization by specific strains of _________

A

E.coli

56
Q

What blood sucking parasites cause significant aneimia and hypoproteineia in puppies

A

Hookworms

Ancylostoma caninum
Uncinaria stenocephala

57
Q

What cestode can be found within the oleo-cecal valve in the horse?

A

Anaplocephala perfroliata

58
Q

What parasite of the cecum and colon cause bloody diarrhea, weight loss, dehydration, and anemia

A

Trichuris spp

59
Q

What causes milk spot liver in pigs?

A

Ascaris suum

-> capsular fibrosis

60
Q

Cryptococcus is usually associated with what animals?

A

Immunosuppressed or young

Eg calf without colostrum

61
Q

Crytococcus colonized ??? What clinical disease does it cause?

A

Apical surface of enterocytes
-> intracellular but extracytoplasmic

Malabsorption due to destruction of microvilli

62
Q

___________ protozoa causing proliferative, hemorrhagic, and necrotizing entertitis in calf

A

Coccidiosis

63
Q

Most primary tumors of the intestine are _________

A

Carcinomas

64
Q

What is the most common neoplasm in cats? The highest alimentary form of this tumor is present in the cat

A

Lymphosarcoma

65
Q

T/F: gastric carcinomas are more common in cats than dogs?

A

False

Dogs>cat

66
Q

T/F:Intestinal and colonic adenocarcinomas are more common in cats than dogs

A

True

RUSVM Pathology 2 (16 decks)

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