Aims, Hypothesis, Sampling Flashcards
What research methods are Aims used for?
Observation and Self Report
What research methods are Hypothesis used for?
What research methods are Hypothesis used for?
What is a One Tailed Hypothesis?
Where you predict the direction of the relationship between the two varibles
What is a Two Tailed Hypothesis?
Where you think there will be a relationship, but you don’t know the direction of the relationship.
What is Sampling..
How you get people to take part in your study
It takes too long to study everyone what can you do?
Use a sample to be a representative of the population which can then be generalised back
What is the population?
The group of people from whom the sample is drawn. Can only be generalised back to the target population.
What is Opportunity Sampling?
You take the sample from people who are available at the time of the study and fit the criteria you’re looking for
Advantages of Opportunity Sampling?
-Easy to do
-Cheap
-Quick
Disadvantages of Opportunity Sampling ?
Sample is not representative which reduces the generalisability of it as not everyone is there
What is Random Sampling?
Involves identifying everyone in the target population and then selecting the number of participants you need in a way that gives everyone an equal chance of being picked.
Advantages of Random Sampling
Representative (everyone has a chance increases Generalisability)
Disadvantages of Random Sampling
-Time consuming to do
-Expensive
-People may not want to take part
-No control over who is selected (freak sample)
What is Self-Selecting Sampling?
Participants become part of the study because they volunteered when asked or in response to an advert
Advantages of Self-Selecting Sampling
-Less likely to drop out (given informed consent)
-Quicker
-Cheap
-Easy
Disadvantages of Self-Selecting Sampling
Sample is less representative as you’ve only got people who volunteered (reduces generalisability)
What is Stratified Sampling?
Classifying the population into categories and then choosing a sample which consists of participants from each category in the same proportions as they are in the population
Advantages of Stratified Sampling
More representative as people are in the same proportions
Disadvantages of Stratified Sampling
Cant match people on everything will be differences
What is Snowball Sampling ?
For hard to reach groups. People ask other people to take part- people who know each other
Advantages of Snowball Sampling
Helps gather hard to reach groups
Disadvantages of Snowball Sampling
-Not representative ( as its people they know)
-Word might not get around
-Time consuming
What are research aims?
broad statements that describe the overall purpose of your study.
What are research questions
question that a research project sets out to answer
