Adjectives (to L 9) Flashcards
2nd Declension “er” Adjective endings SINGULAR * using integer integra integrum
integer integra integrum
integri integrae integri
integro integrae integro
integrum integram integrum
integro integra integro
2nd Declension “er” Adjective endings PLURAL * using integer integra integrum
integri integrae integra
integrorum integrarum integrorum
integris integris integris
integros integras integra
integris integris integris
dexter dextra dextrum
right, right-hand
(DERIVATIVE: dexterity, destrous)
sinister sinistra sinistrum
left, left-hand
(DERIVATIVE: sinister)
integer integra integrum
whole, uninjured
(DERIVATIVE: integral, integer)
pulcher pulchra pulchrum
beautiful (DERIVATIVE: pulchritude)
sacer sacra sacrum
sacred (DERIVATIVE: sacred sacrifice)
aeger aegra aegrum
sick, ill
piger pigra pigrum
lazy
asper aspera asperum
rough, harsh, sharp
(DERIVATIVE: asperity)
miser misera miserum
wretched
(DERIVATIVE: miserable)
liber libera liberum
free
(DERIVATIVE: liberty)
2nd Declension “-er” Adjective endings SINGULAR
__ -a -um
- i -ae -i
- o -ae -o
- um -am -um
- o -a -o
2nd Declension “-er” Adjective endings PLURAL
- i -ae -a
- orum -arum -orum
- is -is -is
- os -as -a
- is -is -is
What is the only difference between 1st and 2nd Declension Adjective endings (-us -a -um) and these new 2nd Declension “-er” endings (-er -a -um)?
The nominative singular is the only difference
How can you tell whether to drop the “e” from a 2nd Declension “er” adjective?
Look at the dictionary form with the nominative singular for the masculine, feminine, and neuter, and notice whether the “e” is dropped in the feminine and neuter
ex:
integer, integra, integrum = “e” is dropped
miser, misera, miserum = “e” is not dropped
Name the 8 kinds of Pronouns
Personal, Possessive
Reflexive, Intensive
Relative, Interrogative
Demonstrative, Indefinite
A noun must be written in the genitive case to be possessive. Meus, tuus, noster, and vester are possessive by definition, so they can be written in WHICH case(s).
ALL cases
meus mea meum
my (m., f., n.)
PPA (Posessive Pronoun Adjective)
tuus tua tuum
your (m., f., n.)
PPA (Posessive Pronoun Adjective)
noster nostra nostrum
our (m., f., n.) PPAPPA (Posessive Pronoun Adjective)
vester vestra vestrum
your (pl.) (m., f., n.)
PPA (Posessive Pronoun Adjective)
brevis brevis breve
short, brief
derivatives: brief, brevity
fácilis fácilis fácile
easy
derivatives: facility
difficilis difficilis difficile
difficult
derivatives: difficulty
fortis fortis forte
strong, brave
derivatives: fortitude, fort
gravis gravis grave
heavy, serious, severe
derivatives: gravity
omnis omnis omne
each, every (singular)
all (plural)
derivatives: omnipresent, omnibus, omniscient
turpis turpis turpe
shameful, disgraceful
derivatives: turpitude
dulcis dulcis dulce
sweet, pleasant
derivatives: dulcimer
fidelis, fidelis, fidele
faithful
derivatives: fidelity
nóbilis nóbilis nóbile
noble
derivatives: nobility
What is the one difference between
the 3rd Declension Adjective endings (M/F and N)
and
the 3rd Declension i-stem Noun endings (M/F and N)?
the M/F ablative singular
is an “i” ending in the 3rd Declension M/F Adjectives
but
it is an “e” ending in the 3rd Declension M/F i-stem Nouns
Recite the 3rd Declension M/F Adjective endings with the model noun “brevis, breve”
brevis—–breves
brevis—–brévium
brevi——brévibus
brevem–breves
brevi——brévibus
What two nouns are involved with every form of meus, tuus, noster, and vester?
the NOUN MODIFIED
and
the UNDERSTOOD ANTECEDENT
(antecedent=the noun that the pronoun represents)
Meus, tuus, noster, and vester are
Possessive Pronoun Adjectives
that function as adjectives and obey WHAT RULE?
the Adjective Agreement Rule
(they agree with their nouns in gender, number, and case)
A noun must be written in the genitive case to be possessive.
Meus, tuus, noster, and vester are possessive by definition, so they can be written in WHICH case(s)?
ALL cases
meus mea meum
my (m., f., n.)
PPA (Posessive Pronoun Adjective)
tuus tua tuum
your (m., f., n.)
PPA (Posessive Pronoun Adjective)
noster nostra nostrum
our (m., f., n.)
PPA (Posessive Pronoun Adjective)
vester vestra vestrum
your (pl.) (m., f., n.)
PPA (Posessive Pronoun Adjective)
What pattern do these Possessive Pronoun Adjectives follow?
meus mea meum (meus, -a, -um)
tuus tua tuum (tuus, -a, -um)
1st and 2nd Declension Adjective pattern
model noun: bonus -a -um
What pattern should we notice about the endings for noster nostra nostrum and “vester vestra vestrum”?
They are “er” adjectives like “integer, integra, integrum”
