AAMC Bio QPack Review

Question 1

Conjugation

Answer 1

Occurs in Gram-Negative Bacteria, requires F factor that is on a extragenomic plasmid

Question 2

Conjugation

Answer 2

Occurs in Gram-Negative Bacteria, requires F factor that is on a extragenomic plasmid

Question 3

Transformation

Answer 3

Bacteria take up DNA from their surroundings in the the media in which they are immersed

Question 4

Tranduction

Answer 4

Gene transfer by a virus

Question 5

Translocation

Answer 5

Describes movement from one place to another (genes on chromosomes, proteins in cells, sap in a tree)

Question 6

Translocation

Answer 6

Describes movement from one place to another (genes on chromosomes, proteins in cells, sap in a tree)

Question 7

Negative Pressure

Answer 7

Accomplishes the inflation of the lungs; a pressure lower than atm pressure is generated within the alveolar sacs during contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

Question 8

Negative Pressure

Answer 8

Accomplishes the inflation of the lungs; a pressure lower than atm pressure is generated within the alveolar sacs during contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

Question 9

Control of heart rate, muscle coordination and appetite is maintained by

Answer 9

Brain Stem, Cerebellum and Hypothalamus

Question 10

Pain-Perception Pathway

Answer 10

To add the sensation of pain to a reflex pathway, neurons must be added at the sensory end

Question 11

Difference in Anaphase

Answer 11

Mitosis = sister chromatids are pulled apart at the centromeres, each becoming an independent chromosome
Meiosis I = homologous pairs of chromosomes are separated into the two daughter cells but they are still joined at the centromere

Question 12

Difference in Anaphase

Answer 12

Mitosis = sister chromatids are pulled apart at the centromeres, each becoming an independent chromosome
Meiosis I = homologous pairs of chromosomes are separated into the two daughter cells but they are still joined at the centromere

Question 13

Deleterious Genes

Answer 13

Those which are eliminated through natural selection

Question 14

Type of Tissue that lines the Bowman

Answer 14

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 15

Type of Tissue that lines the Bowman

Answer 15

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Question 16

Increase in BP effect on the kidney

Answer 16

Increases the flow of fluid through the kidney and decrease water reabsorption

Question 17

Increase in BP effect on the kidney

Answer 17

Increases the flow of fluid through the kidney and decrease water reabsorption

Question 18

Two factors that normally determine the BP

Answer 18

Cardiac Output (stroke volume x heart rate) & Resistance to Blood flow

Question 19

What is BP equal to?

Answer 19

Total peripheral resistance x cardiac output, analogous to ohm’s law

Question 20

What is BP equal to?

Answer 20

Total peripheral resistance x cardiac output, analogous to ohm’s law

Question 21

Vasoconstriction

Answer 21

Restricts blood flow to an organ and can increase BP whereas vasodilation has the opposite effect; important in a hemorrhage

Question 22

Vasoconstriction

Answer 22

Restricts blood flow to an organ and can increase BP whereas vasodilation has the opposite effect; important in a hemorrhage

Question 23

Functions of Liver

Answer 23

Absorption of fats in the small intestine, production of bile, detoxification of drugs/poisons

Question 24

Functions of Liver

Answer 24

Absorption of fats in the small intestine, production of bile, detoxification of drugs/poisons

Question 25

What can cross the walls of the blood vessels?

Answer 25

Water molecules and other small molecules; plasma proteins cannot

Question 26

What can cross the walls of the blood vessels?

Answer 26

Water molecules and other small molecules; plasma proteins cannot

Question 27

Edema

Answer 27

Increased fluid in body tissues can be due to decrease in plasma protein levels

Question 28

Increase in the level of plasma protein causes

Answer 28

Fluid to enter the bloodstream due to influx of tissue fluid (which contains solutes)

Question 29

Increase in the level of plasma protein causes

Answer 29

Fluid to enter the bloodstream due to influx of tissue fluid (which contains solutes)

Question 30

Insufficient Vitamin D Activity

Answer 30

Reduces the ability of the body to absorb ingested calcium from the small intestine

Question 31

Insufficient Vitamin D Activity

Answer 31

Reduces the ability of the body to absorb ingested calcium from the small intestine

Question 32

What conditions lead to an increase in calcitonin levels?

Answer 32

High levels of calcium in the plasma

Question 33

What conditions lead to an increase in calcitonin levels?

Answer 33

High levels of calcium in the plasma

Question 34

What would be the result of removal of the parathyroid gland?

Answer 34

Severe neural and muscular problems due to deficiency of calcium in the plasma

Question 35

Aldosterone Deficiency

Answer 35

Results in lower sodium reabsorption into the bloodstream; leading in decreased blood volume and this would also decrease blood pressure

Question 36

Organs involved in the menstrual cycle

Answer 36

Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary

Question 37

Organs involved in the menstrual cycle

Answer 37

Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary

Question 38

Growth of long bones

Answer 38

Occurs via endochrondral ossification so there will be cartilaginous areas in long bones of children

Question 39

Growth of long bones

Answer 39

Occurs via endochrondral ossification so there will be cartilaginous areas in long bones of children

Question 40

Vasodilation (Method of heat transfer)

Answer 40

Radiation