9A: Understanding social structure

Question 1

Macrosociology

Answer 1

Focuses on large groups and social structure

Question 2

Microsociology

Answer 2

Focuses on small groups and the individual

Question 3

What is social structure?

Answer 3

A system of people within a society organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships

Question 4

What is Functionalism? Who developed it?

Answer 4

It is the study of the structure and function of each part of society; Emile Durkheim

Question 5

How does Functionalism view society?

Answer 5

It views society as a living organism & if it’s to function smoothly, the parts and systems must work together in harmony

Question 6

Function

Answer 6

Beneficial consequences of peoples actions; maintains social equilibrium

Question 7

Dysfunction

Answer 7

Harmful consequences of peoples actions; disrupts social equilibrium

Question 8

Manifest Function

Answer 8

Action intended to help some part of a system

Question 9

Latent Function

Answer 9

Unintended positive consequences on other parts of society

Question 10

What is Conflict Theory? Who developed it?

Answer 10

It is a competition for power; Karl Marx

Question 11

How does conflict theory work?

Answer 11

It states that power differentials are created and they contribute to the maintenance of social order

Question 12

What do power differentials lead to?

Answer 12

It leads to the dominance of a particular group if it successfully outcompetes other groups for

Question 13

What do people compete for?

Answer 13

People compete for social, political and material resources

Question 14

What is Symbolic Interactionism?

Answer 14

Study of the ways individuals interact through a shared understanding of words, gestures and other symbols; symbols (things to which we attach meaning) are key to understanding how we view the world and communicate with each other

Question 15

What do symbols include?

Answer 15

They are concepts in language, hand gesture and body language to the role of certain behaviors

Question 16

What is social constructionism?

Answer 16

Focuses on how individuals put together their social reality; this arises from humans communicating and working together to agree on the significance of a concept or principle

Question 17

What can social constructionism be applied to?

Answer 17

Physical objects such as money. Paper money and coinage do not inherently have significant value, however, as a society with imbue them with value and that they can be used to trade for goods and service

Question 18

What are social institutions?

Answer 18

Well-established social structures that dictate certain patterns of behavior or relationships and are accepted as a fundamental part of culture

Question 19

What are the 5 social institutions?

Answer 19

Education, Family, Religion, Government, Healthcare & Medicine

Question 20

What is Education?

Answer 20

It is an institution that aims to arm the population with information

Question 21

Family

Answer 21

It is a group of people affiliated by marriage and shared ancestors, it’s influenced by culture, value, systems, beliefs, practices, gender, age, race, ethnicity etc.

Question 22

Religion

Answer 22

A pattern of social activities organized around a set of beliefs and practices that seek to address the meaning of existence; Play a role in patients understanding of diseases so they can impact healthcare decisions and can be an essential component of patients coping mechanisms

Question 23

Government & Economy

Answer 23

Systematic arrangements of political and capital relationships, activities and social structures that affect rule-making, representation of the individual in society, rights and privileges, division of labor and production of goods and services.

Question 24

What are the types of government?

Answer 24

Monarchy, Democracy, Authoritarianism, Totalitarianism

Question 25

Authoritarian Goverment

Answer 25

Citizens have no right or power to participate in the government

Question 26

Totalitarian Government

Answer 26

Government has control and power over citizen’s lives in nearly all aspects

Question 27

What are the types of economic systems?

Answer 27

Capitalism and Socialism

Question 28

What is Health?

Answer 28

The total well-being of an individual

Question 29

What is Medicine?

Answer 29

The treatment for physical and mental illness of people in the society

Question 30

What are the key goals in American healthcare

Answer 30

To increase access to care, decrease cost of care, disease prevention, increase education for the public, decrease doctor knows best mentality

Question 31

What are the 4 key tenets of medical ethics?

Answer 31

Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
Patient Autonomy
Justice

Question 32

Beneficence

Answer 32

Responsible for patients best interest

Question 33

Nonmaleficence

Answer 33

Responsible for avoiding treatments or interventions in which the potential for harm outweighs the potential for benefit

Question 34

Patient Autonomy

Answer 34

Responsible for respecting patients decisions and choices about their own healthcare

Question 35

Justice

Answer 35

Responsible for treating similar patients with similar care and distribute healthcare resources fairly

Question 36

What is material culture?

Answer 36

Artifacts that have meaning for a given society

Question 37

What is symbolic culture?

Answer 37

The ideas that represent a group of people, tangible embodiment of underlying ideas of symbolic culture

Question 38

What is culture?

Answer 38

Encompasses the entire lifestyle for a given group. It binds nation-states, political institutions, marketplaces, religions and ideologies

Question 39

Values

Answer 39

What a person deems important in life, dictates their ethical principles

Question 40

Beliefs

Answer 40

What a person accepts to be truth

Question 41

Rituals

Answer 41

A formalized ceremony that involves a specific material object and additional mandates on acceptable behavior