A&P - Muscle of the day list - A&P 1 Flashcards
rectus femoris
O,I,A
named for the direction of it’s fibers and it’s location
O: AIIS (anterior inferior illiac spine)
I: Tibial tuberosity
A: hip flexion & knee extension
Vasti
Huge
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
A,O,I
A - extend the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
O - medial lip of the linea aspera
I - tibial tuberosity via the patella ligament
Vastus lateralis
A, O, I
A - extend the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
O - lateral lip of the linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
I - tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)
Vastus intermedius
A, O, I
A - extend the knee
O- anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
I - tibial tuberosity ( via the patella and patellar ligament)
Biceps femoris
Two heads femur
A, O, I
Origin or proximal attachment:
Long head - ischial tuberosity
Short head - linea aspera
Insertion or distal attachment: head of the fibula
Action
Long head- extend the hip and flex the knee
Short head - flex the knee
Biceps femoris is the lateral hamstring, the two medial hamstrings will be covered later
Named for its number of heads and origin
Trapezius
Divisions
Upper
Middle
Lower
Because their attachments and actions are different
Trapezius - three different parts
Upper fibers
A, O, I
A -
bilaterally: extend the head and neck
Unilaterally: elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint) & upwardly rotate the scapula (s/t) joint
O - superior nuchal line, EOP (external occipital protuberance) and nuchal ligament (axial)
I - lateral 1/3 clavicle (anterior surface/appendicular)
Named for its shape
Trapezius
Middle
O: Nuchal ligament at C6 spinal process (S.P.) C7 - T3
I: acromion process and spine of the scapula
A: retraction of the scapula (adduction)
Trapezius
Lower
O: S.P. of T4-T12
I: tubercle of the spine of the scapula
A: depression of the scapula (abduction)/ upward rotation of the scapula
Pectoralis major
A, O, I
Clavicular head
Clavicular head
O - medial half of the clavicle
I - distal attachment: lateral lip of the bicipital grove (intertubercular groove)of the humerus
A - flexion of the shoulder
Named for size and location
Pectoral major
A, O, I
Sternocostal head
O: (proximal/axial attachment)manubrium & body of sternum. 1st to 6 or 7 costal cartilages
I: (distal attachment) lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus
A: extension of the shoulder
Pectoralis major
Actions of both heads - synergysts
- Adduction
- Horizontal adduction
- Medial rotation
Masseter
A, O, I
Named for
A - elevate the mandible (temporomanibular joint); may assist to protract the mandible (TM joint)
O - zygomatic arch
I - angle of the ramus of mandible
Named for it’s action
Temporalis
A, O, I
Named for
A - elevate the mandible (TM joint); retract the mandible (TM) joint
O - temporal fossa and fascia (frontal, temporal & parietal bones)
I - coronoid process and anterior edge of ramus of the mandible
Named for location
Gluteus Maximus
A, O, I
O: posterior gluteal line of illum, posterior sacrum & coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament (sacrum to ischial tuberosity)
I: gluteal tuberosity on posterior femur, lateral condyle of tibia via illiotibial band or tract
A: extension of the hip
Gluteus medius
A, O, I
Named for
A-abduction of the femur at hip, medial rotation of the femur
I - greater trochanter
O - Posterior ilium between superior/posterior and middle/anterior gluteal lines
Named for size
Gluteus minimus
A, O, I
Named for
A - abduction of femur at the hip, medial rotation of femur
I - greater trochanter
O - gluteal surface between anterior/middle and inferior gluteal lines
Named for size
Sternocleidomastoid
SCM
A, I, O
Named for it’s attachment. Sterno- sternum Clavicular- clavical mastoid - mastoid process
I: mastoid process of the temporal bone and lateral portion of the superior nuchal line of occiput
O: sternal head: top of the manubrium
Clavicular head: medial one third of the clavicle
Unilaterally: contralateral rotation of the head, ipsilateral flexion of the head/neck
Bilaterally: flexion of the neck, extension of the head
Deltoids
general
3 branches - anterior, middle and posterior
Named for shape
anterior deltoid
A, O, I
O - lateral 1/3 of clavicle
A- all fibers: abduct the shoulder joint
Anterior: flex the humerus, medially rotate the shoulder joint, horizontally adduct the shoulder joint
I- deltoid tuberosity
middle deltoid
A, O, I
O - acromion
I- deltoid tuberosity
A- all fibers: abduct the shoulder joint
Posterior deltoid
A, O, I
O - spine of the scapula
I - deltoid tuberosity
A - all fibers: abduct the shoulder joint
Posterior: extend the humerus, laterally rotate the shoulder joint, horizontally abduct the shoulder joint
Biceps brachii
A, O, I
Named for # heads and location
Brachii means arm
A- flex the elbow (radiolunar joint), supinate the forearm (radiolunar joint)
O- short head: coracoid process of scapula
Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I- radial tuberosity
Flexor carpi radialis
A, O, I
Named for action and location
A: flexion of wrist and Abduction of wrist (towards radius)
I: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
O: medial epicondyle of humerus via the flexor tendon
Flexor carpi ulnaris
A, I, O
I- base of 5th metacarpal, hamate, and pisiform
O- medial epicondyle of humerus via the flexor tendon (humeral head); olecranon process ulna (ulnar head)
A - wrist flexion and ulnar deviation or adduction of the wrist (combined action)
Named for location and action
Extensor carpi ulnaris
A, I, O
I- base of 5th metacarpal and hamate
O. - lateral epicondyle of humerus via the common extensor tendon and proximal posterior boarder ulna
A. - wrist extension and ulnar deviation or adduction of the wrist (combined action)
Named for location and action
Lattissimus dorsi
A, I, O
A- extend the shoulder, Adduct the shoulder, Medially rotate the shoulder
O - S.P. T8-L5, sacrum, iliac crest (external lip of posterior crest). Via the thoracolumbar aponeurosis
I - medial lip of the bicipital groove of humerus
Rhonboids
A, I, O
Minor
A-retraction of the scapula (adduction)
O-SP of C7 and T1
I-medial/vertebral border of the scapula level with the root spine of the scapula
Named for geometric shape
Rhomboid major
A, I, O
A- retraction of the scapula (adduction)
O- SP of T2 to T5
I-medial/vertebral border of the scapula between the spine and the inferior angle
Named for geometric shape
Gastrocnemius
A, I, O
A-flexion of the knee, plantar flexion of the ankle
O-condyles of the femur (medial and lateral)
I-calcaneus via the Achilles or calcaneal tendon
Named for shape and location
Gastro: belly, kneme: leg
Serratus anterior
A, I, O
A- protraction/abduction of the scapula
I- superior and inferior angle of the scapula and medial margin in between
O - Lateral aspect of 1st through 8-9 ribs
Named for shape and location
Serrat - saw like;
Weak muscle is a wing scapula
External obliques
A, I, O
A: unilateral: lateral flex vertebral column to the same side; rotate vertebral column to the opposite side
Bilaterally: flex the vertebral column
I: anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba, inguinal ligament
O: external surfaces of 5th to 12th ribs
Named for location: external and direction of fibers: oblique
Semitendinosus
A, I, O
A- flex the knee; extension of the hip
I- proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
O- ischial tuberosity
Semimembranosus
A, I, O
A- flex the knee; extend the hip
I- posterior aspect of the medial condyle of tibia
O - ischial tuberosity
