A&P 1.06 Flashcards
Trapezius
Divisions
Upper
Middle
Lower
Because their attachments and actions are different
Trapezius - three different parts
Upper fibers
A, O, I
A -
bilaterally: extend the head and neck
Unilaterally: elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint) & upwardly rotate the scapula (s/t) joint
O - superior nuchal line, EOP (external occipital protuberance) and nuchal ligament (axial)
I - lateral 1/3 clavicle (anterior surface/appendicular)
Named for its shape
Trapezius
Named for
Shape - trapezoid
Bony attachments to know
- EOP or external occipital protuberance
- superior nuchal line of the occiput
- spinous process
- lat 1/3 of clavicle
- spine of the scapula
- ligamentum nuchae: ligament that extends posteriorly and runs from EOP to the S.P. of the C7
Bones of spine and thorax
Cervical vertebrae - 7
Thoracic vertebrae - 12
Lumbar vertebrae - 5
Breakfast at 7, lunch at 12 and dinner at 5
Cervical, thoracic and lumbar
Trail 172
Check diagrams on trail page 172
Bones and landmarks of head, neck and face
Trail guide 228
Bones of shoulder and arm
Trail guide 48
Nervous system
Functions
Sensations
Integration
Motor response
Nervous system
Structures
Brain
Spinal chord
Nerves
Sensory receptors
Nervous system
Sensations
sensory recptors detect stimuli within and outside the body
Nervous system
integration
integrates sensory information by analyzing and storing some of it and by making decisions for appropriate responses.
Nervous system
Motor Response
Once sensory stimuli is received, the nervous system may elicit an appropriate motor response
Types of glands
Exocrine
Endocrine glands
Endocrine glands
Ductless
Secrete directly into the bloodstream
Endocrine system
Structure
Glands that secrete hormones into the blood
Endocrine system
Functions
Regulate body activities and balance/homeostasis via negative feedback loops
Feedback mechanisms
List 2 primary systems
Nervous and endocrine systems are primary feedback mechanisms
Maintaining our homeostasis
Transverse plane
Horizontal plane
Divides upper and lower
Horizontal movements
Horizontal abduction
Horizontal adduction
Horizontal abduction
To take away from the midline in the horizontal plane
Horizontal adduction
To move toward the midline in the horizontal plane
Oblique plane
Some combination of 2 other planes
At some diagonal slice/motion
Abdominopelvic quadrants
Horizontally and vertically at the belly button
Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left lower quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Contents
Appendix
Ascending colon
1/2 urinary bladder
Right upper quadrant
Contents
Most of liver
Gall bladder
Ascending colon - transverse colon
Left upper quadrant
Contents
Stomach
Spleen
Pancreas
Transverse colon - descending colon
Left lower quadrant
Contents
Descending colon
1/2 urinary bladder
Rectum
Disease
Defined
Pathology = disease
any impairment of health or normal function
Detecting disease
Signs
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Signs
Define
Objective evidence that can be observed by someone else
Visible to observer
Symptoms
Defined
The patient feels
Subjective evidence that is only perceived by the patient
Examples: headache, dizziness, nausea, pain
Diagnosis
Define
Identifying the disease according to its signs and symptoms
As a verb, the process of identifying
As a noun, the disease identified
Massage therapists cannot diagnose
