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Anatomy & Physiology I > A&P 1.17 > Flashcards

A&P 1.17 Flashcards

1
Q

Lattissimus dorsi

A, I, O

A

A- extend the shoulder, Adduct the shoulder, Medially rotate the shoulder

O - S.P. T8-L5, sacrum, iliac crest (external lip of posterior crest). Via the thoracolumbar aponeurosis

I - medial lip of the bicipital groove of humerus

Named for location, shape and size

Lattissimus - broadest
Dorsi - back

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2
Q

Lattissimus dorsi

general

A

most superficial muscle of the lower back

arrest position

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3
Q

4 types of tissue

A

CMEN

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4
Q

3 types of connective tissues

A

Fluid
Fiber
Hard or skeletal

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5
Q

Dense fibrous connective tissue

A

Contains fibroblasts (fiber producing cells)
Mostly collagen
Some elastin
And few reticular fibers

Regular and irregular ( under skin dermis and peri-osteum)

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6
Q

Skeletal connective tissue

Cartilage

A

Cells: chondrocytes

Matrix: collagen, elastin and some reticular fibers

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7
Q

Types of cartilage

3

A

Hyaline
Fibro-cartilage
Elastic

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8
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

Most common cartilage in the human body
Found in articular joints, ribs and pre-calcifying bone, support rings of respiratory tubes
collagen

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9
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Most collagen fibers causing rigidity and stiffness
Strongest, most durable type of cartilage
Made of large collagen bundles

Found: intervertebral discs, pubis symphysis and knee joint

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10
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

Large number of very fine elastic fibers that help maintain shape after deformations
Ear, nose, vocal cartilages

High degree of flexibility does not calcify

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11
Q

Articulation or joint

Defined

A

A point of contact between bones

Also known as arthrosis

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12
Q

Joints classified by

A

Structure and function

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13
Q

Arthrology

Defined

A

Study of joints

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14
Q

Structure

A

Classified by what’s holding it together

type of connective tissue

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15
Q

Function

A

Classified by the degree of movement permitted

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16
Q

Structures

3 types

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

17
Q

Fibrous connective tissue.

Overview

A

Contains fibroblast, mostly collagen with some elastic, few reticular fibers, run in parallel bundles (tendons and ligaments)
Irregular fibrous in the dermis/scar tissue

18
Q

Fibrous joints

Characteristics

A

Lack a synovial cavity
Bones held together by fibrous connective tissue
Little or no movement (synarthrosis or amphiarthroses)

3 structural types

Sutures
Syndesmoses
Gomphosis

19
Q

fibrous joints

3 structural types

A

3 structural types

Sutures
Syndesmoses
Gomphosis

20
Q

Suture

Characteristics

A

To sew together
immovable (synarthrosis)

Thin fibrous layer connecting bones of the skull

21
Q

Syndesmosis

Defined

A 
Fibrous joint - bones united by ligament
Slightly movable (amphiarthrosis)
Anterior tibiofibular joint and interossious membrane
22
Q

Gomphosis

Characteristics

A

Ligament holds come shaped peg in bony slot
immovable (synarthrosis)
Teeth in alveolar process

23
Q

Cartilaginous joints

Characteristics

A

Limited movement

Lacks a synovial joint

Allows little or no movement

Bones tightly connected by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage

24
Q

Cartilaginous joints

2 types

A

Synchondroses

Symphyses

25
Q

Synchondrosis

Defined

A

Between sternum and ribs or sternocostal joint and epiphyseal plate

hyaline cartilage

immovable (synarthrosis)

26
Q

Symphyses

Defined

A

Fibrocartilage is connecting material

Slightly movable (amphiarthrosis)

Intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis

27
Q

Synovial joints

Defined

A

Majority of joints in body
Joint space is a synovial joint cavity
Articular cartilage covering ends of bones
Articular capsule

Movable (diathroses)
Fluid filled joint capsule

28
Q

Types of synovial joints

6

A 
Planar
Hinge
Pivot
Condyloid
Saddle
Ball and socket
29
Q

Synovial joint

Divisions 3

A

Monaxial
Biaxial
Triaxial

30
Q

Function

3 degrees

A

Classified by degree of movement

3 degrees
immovable (synarthrosis)
Slightly movable (amphiarthrosis)
Movable (diathroses)

31
Q

Synarthroses

Defined

A

Immovable or mostly immovable

32
Q

Amphiarthrosis

Defined

A

Slightly movable

33
Q

Diarthroses

Defined

A

Freely movable

34
Q

sutures

joint type

example

A

fibrous
immovable (synarthrosis)

cranial bones

35
Q

gomphoses

joint type

example

A

fibrous
immovable (synarthrosis)

teeth

36
Q

synchondroses

joint type

example

A

“hyaline cartilage”

cartilaginous
immovable (synarthrosis)

1st sterno-costal joint, epiphyseal plates

37
Q

syndesmoses

joint type

example

A 
fibrious
Slightly movable (amphiarthrosis)

interosseous membrane, some ligament structures

38
Q

symphoses

joint type

example

A

“fibrocartilage”

cartilaginous
Slightly movable (amphiarthrosis)

pubic sumphysis, vertebral discs

39
Q

ball & socket

joint type

example

A

synovial
Movable (diathroses)

knee, elbow, shoulder, hip, etc.

Anatomy & Physiology I (22 decks)

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