9.3 Kahoot - exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major endocrine gland invoved in stress?

A

Adrenal Gland

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2
Q

The two layers of the adrenal glands are the:

A

medulla and cortex

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3
Q

Which is the INNER portion of the adrenal gland ?

A

Medulla

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4
Q

What hormones are secreted by the adrenal medulla?

A

norepinephrine and epinephrine

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5
Q

How is the adrenal medulla stimulated to release hormones?

A

Sympathetic nerves

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6
Q

responses by the body to the release of epinephrine?

A
  • decreased digestive activity
  • faster heart rate
  • incerased blood glucose
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7
Q

What type of stress does the adrenal medulla respond to?

A

short term

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8
Q

What is anaphylaxis?

A

severe, immediate allergic reaction

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9
Q

How do EpiPens help treat anaphylaxis?

A

they dialate the bronchioles

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10
Q

Which is the OUTER portion of the adrenal gland ?

A

cortex

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10
Q

What stimulates the release of hormones from the adrenal cortex?

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

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10
Q

What hormones are secreted by the Adrenal Cortex?

A
  • androgens
  • glucocorticoids
  • mineralocorticoids
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11
Q

the adrenal cortex responds to what type of stress?

A

long term

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12
Q

What gland releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

A

Anterior pituitary gland

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13
Q

The release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary is stimulated by:

A

Corticotropin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus

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14
Q

Negative feedback controlling cortisol levels occurs where?

A

Hypothalamus and Anterior Pituitary

15
Q

People with chronic stress have high levels of cortisol

16
Q

What effect can high levels of cortisol have on the body?

A

decreased immune function

17
Q

Aldosterone mainly effects the cells of what organ?

18
Q

What physiological change occurs when aldosterone is released?

A

Higher blood pressure

19
Q

Addison’s Disease is caused by decreased hormone levels by what gland?

A

adrenal cortex

20
Q

Where is the pancreas found?

A

By the stomach

21
Q

What 2 pancreatic hormones are involved in blood sugar homeostasis?

A

insulin and glucagon

22
Q

What are the endocrone cells of the pancreas called?

A

islets of Langerhans

23
Within the Islets of Langerhans, alpha cells produce:
glucagon
24
Within the Islets of Langerhans, beta cells produce:
insulin
25
Insulin and glucagon have antagonistic actions
True
26
Which hormone of the pancrease increases blood sugar concentration?
glucagon
27
How does glucagon raise blood sugar?
Stimulates glycogen breakdown in liver
28
How does insulin lower blood sugar?
Stimulates glycogen formation in liver and muscles
29
What is Diabetes Mellitis?
A chronic condition characterized by high blood glucose levels
30
What term is used to describe high blood glucose?
Hyperglycemic
31
symptom of Hyperglycemia?
- blurred vision - weight loss - frequent urination
32
How is type 1 diabetes different than type 2 diabetes
Type 1 is autoimmune, Type 2 is caused by lifestyle
33
What causes type 1 diabetes?
Pancreas doesn't make enough (or any!) insulin
34
What causes Type 2 Diabetes?
cells developing insulin resistance
35
What is an endocrine disruptor?
A chemical that acts like a human hormone
36
An example of an endocrine disruptor found in plastic is:
BPA
37
endocrine disruptor (male femininization) found in herbicides
atrazine