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Biology SBI4U1 > 8.2 Kahoot - exam > Flashcards

8.2 Kahoot - exam Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the purpose of nervous system

A

controls and coordinates functions throughout the body

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2
Q

what are the 2 divisions of nervous system

A

peripheral & central

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3
Q

central nervous system includes

A

spinal cord and brain

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4
Q

where is the peripheral nervous system

A

the rest of the body except for the brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

what are 2 divisions of the peripheral nervous system

A

somatic and autonomic

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6
Q

somatic nervous system controls

A
  • motor info
  • voluntary movement
  • sensory info
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7
Q

the autonomic nervous system controls ______

A

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle & some endocrine glands

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8
Q

the autonomic nervous system is

A

involuntary

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9
Q

2 divisions of autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

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10
Q

sympathetic nervous system is also known as

A

fight or flight

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11
Q

parasympathetic nervous system is aka

A

rest and digest

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12
Q

which is a sympathetic response

A

dilated bronchioles

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13
Q

which is parasympathetic response

A

promotes saliva production

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14
Q

what are the 2 types of cells in nervous tissue

A

neurons and glials cells

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15
Q

function of gilal cells

A

to support the neurons by performing various tasks

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16
Q

parts of neuron

A

dendrite, axon, and cell body

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17
Q

function of dendrite

A

receive incoming signals from other cells

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18
Q

what is the main function of a neuron’s cell body (soma)

A

integrating incoming signals

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19
Q

function of the axon

A

generate nerve impulses and transmits them to the next neuron

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20
Q

what is the synapse

A

the small gap between the neurons and their receptor sites

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21
Q

what is the purpose of schwann cells

A

to produce myelin sheath

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22
Q

what are the nodes of ranvier

A

gaps in myelin sheath along the axon

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23
Q

what are the 3 functional classifications of neuron

A
  1. sensory neuron
  2. interneuron
  3. motor neuron
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24
Q

function of sensory neurons

A

take in info from external environment

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25
Q

function of motor neurons

A

control muscles

26
Q

where are interneurons found

A

central nervous system

27
Q

purpose of reflex arc

A

designed to quickly respond to stimuli to protect you

28
Q

t/f reflex arcs always go through the brain

A

f

29
Q

which is the correct order of neurons in the reflex arc

A

sensory > inter > motor

30
Q

how do nerves communicate

A

mix of electrical and chemical signals

31
Q

what is the charge difference when a neuron is at rest - its resting membrane potential?

A
  • 70mV
32
Q

at rest, the inside of the neuron is more + than negative

A

false

33
Q

what maintains the resting membrane potential in neuron

A
  • large negatively charged proteins inside the neuron
  • potassium channels leak
  • the sodium/potassium pump
34
Q

the “sodium-potassium pump” pumps ____

A

3 sodium ions out and 2 potassium ions in

35
Q

the movement of sodium and potassium across the neuron membrane is a form of:

A

active transport

36
Q

another word for action potential

A

nerve impulse

37
Q

what is an action potential

A

an electrical-chemical signal that travels down an axon

38
Q

what must happen for an action potential to occur

A

threshold voltage must be reached

39
Q

what happens when the threshold of a neuron is reached

A

voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels opens and voltage gets more positive

40
Q

order of stages in an action potential

A

depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, resting potential

41
Q

what is it called when a neuron’s voltage becomes more positive (1st phase of action potential)

A

depolarizationq

42
Q

what happens after depolarization (when neuron gets to +40mV)

A

sodium gates close + potassium gates open

43
Q

what occurs during repolarization

A

K+ channels open, K+ leaves cell

44
Q

what is it called when a neuron’s voltage becomes more negative (the 2nd phase of action potential)

A

repolarization

45
Q

what is hyperpolarization

A

neuron becomes more negative than its resting membrane potential

46
Q

the refractory period is when

A

the neuron is recovering so it can’t start another action potential

47
Q

how does myelin affect impulse transimission along a neuron

A

increase the rate of impulse

48
Q

transmission of an action potential between nodes of ranvier is called

A

saltatory conduction

49
Q

function of synapse

A

allows nerve signals to pass to the next neuron

50
Q

what happens when action potential reaches the synapse

A

vesicles release neurotransmitters into the synapse

51
Q

how do neurotransmitters cross the synapse

A

diffusion

52
Q

how do neurotransmitters release from the axon terminals

A

exocytosis

53
Q

how do neurotransmitters affect the post-synaptic membrane

A

they bind to receptors

54
Q

what is a neurotransmitters

A

chemical messenger

55
Q

if a neurotransmitter is excitatory, what effect will it have

A

cause depolarization

56
Q

if a neurotransmitter is inhibitory, what effect will it have/

A

cause hyper polarization

57
Q

what is the principle that decides if a neuron fires

A

all or nothing principle

58
Q

what determines if a neuron fires an action potential

A

the cell is depolarized past the voltage threshold

59
Q

an effect of dopamine release produces

A

sensations of pleasure

60
Q

a general of serotonin

A

mood regulation

61
Q

function of neurons

A

send, receive, & interpret signals

Biology SBI4U1 (42 decks)

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