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Biology SBI4U1 > 8.2 Kahoot - exam > Flashcards

8.2 Kahoot - exam Flashcards

1
Q

what is the purpose of nervous system

A

controls and coordinates functions throughout the body

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2
Q

what are the 2 divisions of nervous system

A

peripheral & central

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3
Q

central nervous system includes

A

spinal cord and brain

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4
Q

where is the peripheral nervous system

A

the rest of the body except for the brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

what are 2 divisions of the peripheral nervous system

A

somatic and autonomic

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6
Q

somatic nervous system controls

A
  • motor info
  • voluntary movement
  • sensory info
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7
Q

the autonomic nervous system controls ______

A

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle & some endocrine glands

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8
Q

the autonomic nervous system is

A

involuntary

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9
Q

2 divisions of autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

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10
Q

sympathetic nervous system is also known as

A

fight or flight

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11
Q

parasympathetic nervous system is aka

A

rest and digest

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12
Q

which is a sympathetic response

A

dilated bronchioles

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13
Q

which is parasympathetic response

A

promotes saliva production

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14
Q

what are the 2 types of cells in nervous tissue

A

neurons and glials cells

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15
Q

function of gilal cells

A

to support the neurons by performing various tasks

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16
Q

parts of neuron

A

dendrite, axon, and cell body

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17
Q

function of dendrite

A

receive incoming signals from other cells

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18
Q

what is the main function of a neuron’s cell body (soma)

A

integrating incoming signals

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19
Q

function of the axon

A

generate nerve impulses and transmits them to the next neuron

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20
Q

what is the synapse

A

the small gap between the neurons and their receptor sites

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21
Q

what is the purpose of schwann cells

A

to produce myelin sheath

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22
Q

what are the nodes of ranvier

A

gaps in myelin sheath along the axon

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23
Q

what are the 3 functional classifications of neuron

A
  1. sensory neuron
  2. interneuron
  3. motor neuron
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24
Q

function of sensory neurons

A

take in info from external environment

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25
function of motor neurons
control muscles
26
where are interneurons found
central nervous system
27
purpose of reflex arc
designed to quickly respond to stimuli to protect you
28
t/f reflex arcs always go through the brain
f
29
which is the correct order of neurons in the reflex arc
sensory > inter > motor
30
how do nerves communicate
mix of electrical and chemical signals
31
what is the charge difference when a neuron is at rest - its resting membrane potential?
- 70mV
32
at rest, the inside of the neuron is more + than negative
false
33
what maintains the resting membrane potential in neuron
- large negatively charged proteins inside the neuron - potassium channels leak - the sodium/potassium pump
34
the "sodium-potassium pump" pumps ____
3 sodium ions out and 2 potassium ions in
35
the movement of sodium and potassium across the neuron membrane is a form of:
active transport
36
another word for action potential
nerve impulse
37
what is an action potential
an electrical-chemical signal that travels down an axon
38
what must happen for an action potential to occur
threshold voltage must be reached
39
what happens when the threshold of a neuron is reached
voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels opens and voltage gets more positive
40
order of stages in an action potential
depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, resting potential
41
what is it called when a neuron's voltage becomes more positive (1st phase of action potential)
depolarizationq
42
what happens after depolarization (when neuron gets to +40mV)
sodium gates close + potassium gates open
43
what occurs during repolarization
K+ channels open, K+ leaves cell
44
what is it called when a neuron's voltage becomes more negative (the 2nd phase of action potential)
repolarization
45
what is hyperpolarization
neuron becomes more negative than its resting membrane potential
46
the refractory period is when
the neuron is recovering so it can't start another action potential
47
how does myelin affect impulse transimission along a neuron
increase the rate of impulse
48
transmission of an action potential between nodes of ranvier is called
saltatory conduction
49
function of synapse
allows nerve signals to pass to the next neuron
50
what happens when action potential reaches the synapse
vesicles release neurotransmitters into the synapse
51
how do neurotransmitters cross the synapse
diffusion
52
how do neurotransmitters release from the axon terminals
exocytosis
53
how do neurotransmitters affect the post-synaptic membrane
they bind to receptors
54
what is a neurotransmitters
chemical messenger
55
if a neurotransmitter is excitatory, what effect will it have
cause depolarization
56
if a neurotransmitter is inhibitory, what effect will it have/
cause hyper polarization
57
what is the principle that decides if a neuron fires
all or nothing principle
58
what determines if a neuron fires an action potential
the cell is depolarized past the voltage threshold
59
an effect of dopamine release produces
sensations of pleasure
60
a general of serotonin
mood regulation
61
function of neurons
send, receive, & interpret signals

Biology SBI4U1 (42 decks)

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