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Biology SBI4U1 > 1.2 Kahoot - exam > Flashcards

1.2 Kahoot - exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Which functional group is responsible for the high solubility of carbohydrates in water

A

Hydroxyl group

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2
Q

What is the reaction that forms a disaccharide

A

Dehydration synthesis

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3
Q

Why are chitin and cellulose hydrophobic

A

They form many internal hydrogen bonds

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4
Q

What element make lipids

A

C, H, O

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5
Q

What are functions of lipids

A
  • long term energy storage
  • thermal insulation
  • hormones
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6
Q

How are lipids stored in adipose tissue?

A
  • as glycogen
  • as fatty acid
  • as triglycerides
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7
Q

Which functional group is found on fatty acid

A

Carboxyl group

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8
Q

What is a trans fat on a molecular level

A

Trans isomers of an unsaturated fat

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9
Q

Trans fats help … the risk of heart disease and diabetes

A

Increase

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10
Q

Phospholipid structure

A

Polar head and 2 non-polar fatty acid tails

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11
Q

Cell membrane is

A

Semi permeable

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12
Q

What types of molecule can easily cross the cell membrane

A

Small, non-polar molecules

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13
Q

Steroid structure

A

3 six-carbon rings w/ one five-carbon ring

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14
Q

Where does most of our body’s cholesterol come from

A

Produced in the liver

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15
Q

Function of cholesterol in the cell membrane

A

Flexibility and fluidity

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16
Q

LDL stand for

A

Low-density lipoprotein

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17
Q

Bad cholesterol

A

LDL

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18
Q

HDL function

A

Remove excess LDL and take to the liver for removal

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19
Q

Anabolic steroid function

A

Increase muscle mass

20
Q

Side effect of anabolic steroids in males

A
  • breast development
  • kidney damage
  • increased aggression
  • hair loss
21
Q

Side effects of anabolic steroids in women

A
  • decreased breast size
  • deepened voice
  • Altered menstrual function
22
Q

Monomer of all proteins

A

Amino acids

23
Q

Main elements found in proteins

A

C, H, O, N

24
Q

R structure in amino acid

A

A side chain/functional group

25
Q

How many amino acids do we use in our body

A

20

26
Q

What does it mean if an amino acid is essential

A

Amino acids aren’t produced by the body naturally and need to be ingested

27
Q

Bond between 2 amino acids

A

Peptide bond

28
Q

What is the secondary structure in protein formation

A

The repeating pattern of a helix and a B pleated sheet

29
Q

What happens in the secondary structure that causes the helix and pleating

A

Regions are stabilized by hydrogen bonds

30
Q

Description of the primary structure of a protein

A

Linear chain of amino acids

31
Q

What happens to form the tertiary structure

A

3-D shape stabilized by interactions between side chains

32
Q

How many polypeptide chains are involved in the quaternady structure of a protein

A

2+

33
Q

All proteins must be in their quaternary structure to be functional

A

False

34
Q

Denaturation

A

Structural change of a protein that results in loss of function

35
Q

Causes of denaturation

A
  • change pH
  • change temp
  • change in NaCl concentration
36
Q

Protein molecules change shape when denaturing because

A

Intermolecular bonds are broken

37
Q

2 types of nucleic acids

A

DNA, RNA

38
Q

DNA function

A

Store and transmit genetic info

39
Q

RNA function

A

Protein synthesis

40
Q

Monomers of nucleotides are called nucleic

A

False

41
Q

Backbone of a nucleic acid molecule

A

Phosphate and sugar

42
Q

Structural differences between DNA and RNA

A
  • DNA has deoxyribose, RNA has ribose
  • DNA has thymine, RNA has uracil
  • DNA is double stranded, RNA single stranded
43
Q

In DNA cytosine pairs with

A

Guanine

44
Q

In RNA, adenine bonds

A

Uracil

45
Q

Structure of a nucleotide

A

5 C sugar attached to a phosphate group and nitrogen base

Biology SBI4U1 (42 decks)

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