Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology SBI4U1 > 3 Kahoot - exam > Flashcards

3 Kahoot - exam Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

oxidation and reduction electron swapping that happens simultaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

when a substance is reduced

A

often a result of a hydrogen atom being gained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When a substance is oxidized, it…

A

loses e’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is metabolism?

A

the sum of all chemical processes that occur within cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Metabolic pathways are …..

A

a series of reactions that lead to a needed product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Metabolic pathways are controlled by…

A

enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

an exergonic reaction releases energy.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

a metabolic pathway that breaks down organic materials is

A

catabolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the final product in anabolic pathway has more energy than the reactants

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what’s activation energy

A

amount of energy required for a reaction to occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction by _________ the activation energy?

A

decreasing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

an example of an anabolic process would be

A

forming ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Reduced molecules have more energy than oxidized molecules.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When a reaction involves the gaining and losing of electrons, we call it a

A

redox reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a coupled reaction?

A

exergonic reaction providing energy for endergonic reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is the majority of ATP made in aerobic respiration?

A

ETC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are two electron carriers in cellular respiration?

A

FADH2 and NADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where does glycolysis occur?

A

cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In what stage is acetyl CoA created?

A

pyruvate oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does the Krebs cycle occur?

A

mitochondrial matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where does the electron transport chain occur?

A

inner mitochondrial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

REACTIONS In which a gas generated during respiration?

A

Both Aerobic Respiration & Alcohol Fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the final acceptor of electrons in the ETC?

A

O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is made when the final electron acceptor, electrons, and hydrogen ions all meet up?

A

H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Only glucose be used in cellular respiration in order to make ATP.

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How many net ATP are formed during glycolysis, and how many total are made, respectively?

A

2; 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The T in ATP means that there are ____ phosphates on the molecule

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

At the end of glycolysis, the 6-carbon sugar is split into 2 molecules, each being

A

pyruvate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The total MAX theoretical yield of ATP from aerobic respiration is

A

38

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

In an aerobic environment, the pyruvate will next undergo

A

pyruvate oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where does the electron transport chain exist in prokaryotes?

A

cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

When electrons are passed down the compounds of the ETC they

A

use their energy to pump H+ across the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which below is an electron carrier in the ETC?

A

coenzyme q

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

proton pumps in the ETC?

A

complex I, III, IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

How many ATP are made in the link reaction from one pyruvate?

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

How many ATP are made from one glucose in Kreb’s cycle?

A

2

37
Q

general steps of oxidative phosphorylation in order

A
  1. e’ travel down ETC to O2
  2. H+ moves into the intermembrane space
  3. H+ flows along its concentration gradient
  4. generation of ATP
38
Q

What is the purpose of oxygen in the mitochondria?

A

to accept electrons from the ETC

39
Q

a reactant in cellular respiration?

A

glucose

40
Q

Where does NADH from glycolysis go?

A

To the matrix via shuttle proteins

41
Q

How many ATP are created in glycolysis?

A

4

42
Q

What is the net # of ATP produced in glycolysis

A

2

43
Q

Why are 2 ATP needed to start glycolysis?

A

activation energy

44
Q

How does oxygen enter the MITOCHONDRIA

A

diffusion

45
Q

NADH from glycolysis enter the mitochondria how?

A

glycerol-phosphate shuttle

46
Q

what is an isomerization reaction?

A

rearrangement of the shape of a molecule

47
Q

NADH from glycolysis creates less ATP than NADH from Kreb’s

A

It depends if the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic

48
Q

Where does FADH2 enter the ETC?

A

succinate dehydrogenase

49
Q

Where does NADH enter the ETC?

A

NADH dehydrogenase

50
Q

Approximately how many ATP does one molecule of NADH produce during oxidative phosphoylation?

A

3

51
Q

How many NADH are made from one glucose during pyruvate oxidation?

A

2

52
Q

What high energy electron carrier is made during glycolysis?

A

NADH

53
Q

How many NADH are produced during the Krebs cycle from one molecule of glucose?

A

6

54
Q

How many FADH2 are produced during the Krebs cycle from one molecule of glucose?

A

2

55
Q

Approximately how many ATP does one molecule of FADH2produce during oxidative phosphoylation?

A

2

56
Q

What cells of the human body carry out lactic acid fermentation?

A

muscle

57
Q

At what stage(s) of aerobic respiration do decarboxylation reactions occur?

A
  • glycolysis
  • Krebs cycle
  • link reaction
58
Q

What is produced in a decarboxylation reaction?

A

CO2

59
Q

What stages of aerobic cellular respiration are stopped if oxygen isn’t present in a cell?

A
  • ETC
  • pyruvate oxidation
60
Q

This cellular process yields the most ATP in cellular respiration.

A

oxidative phosphorylation

61
Q

The goal of cellular respiration is to trap the chemical energy in ATP.

A

true

62
Q

reasons that actual ATP yield of cellular respiration is lower than the theoretical yield?

A
  • energy is require for pyruvate to enter the mitochondria
  • it costs energy to move ATP out of mitochondria
  • H+ can leak out of the intermembrane space not passing through ATP synthase
63
Q

Where do fatty acids enter aerobic respiration?

A

krebs

64
Q

What must be done to an amino acid before it can enter cellular respiration?

A

amine group must be removed

65
Q

Where do amino acids enter aerobic respiration?

A
  • krebs
  • pyruvate oxidation
66
Q

What is a feedback mechanism?

A

A cycle in which one step controls a previous step

67
Q

Enzymes in glycolysis are regulated by…

A
  • ATP levels
  • ADP levels
  • citrate levels
68
Q

How would high amounts of ADP affect enzymes in glycolysis?

A

increase activity

69
Q

How would high amounts of CITRATE affect the enzymes of glycolysis?

A

decrease activity

70
Q

How would high amounts of NADH affect the Link Reaction?

A

decrease activity

71
Q

what is anaerobic respiration

A

Cellular respiration without oxygen

72
Q

Where does the ETC occur in prokaryotes?

A

cell membrane

73
Q

what molecule do E.Coli use as electron acceptors

A
  • oxygen
  • nitrate
74
Q

Methanogens can make the full amount of ATP anaerobically. What is used as the final electron acceptor?

A

carbon dioxide

75
Q

Can prokaryotic organisms undergo the first stage of glycolysis?

A

yes, it occurs in the cytoplasm

76
Q

What are the two types of fermentation?

A

alcohol and lactate

77
Q

what type of fermentation do animals undergo

A

lactate

78
Q

why does fermentation occur

A

To replenish NAD+ from NADH so that glyoclysis can occur again

79
Q

What are the products of Lactate Fermentation?

A

2 Lactate ; 2 NAD+ ; 2 ATP

80
Q

What is lactate threshold?

A

the point at which lactate starts to accumulate in the blood

81
Q

What is oxygen debt?

A

the amount of oxygen needed to breakdown built up lactic acid

82
Q

What is likely the cause of sore muscles 1-2 days after vigorous exercise?

A

inflammation

83
Q

Slow oxidative fibers

A

Are dark red and use aerobic respiration

84
Q

Fast glycolytic fibers

A

Produce a strong contraction, that fatigue quickly and are white in colour

85
Q

What is the chemical reaction for alcohol fermentation?

A

2 Pyruvates + 2 NADH –> 2 NAD+ + 2CO2 + 2 Ethanol

86
Q

In alcohol fermentation, what intermediate molecule is made by the decarboxylation of pyruvate ?

A

acetaldehyde

87
Q

Yeast fermentation occurs in an ________________ environment.

A

anaerobic

88
Q

What gas does yeast create during fermentation?

A

CO2

89
Q

At what concetration does alcohol become toxic to yeast?

A

12%

Biology SBI4U1 (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions