- After analyzing his results, Mendel concluded that alternate versions of heritable factors exist. • The factors are now called genes, and the alternate versions are called alleles. • For his work with pea plants, Mendel hypothesized: · The factors (genes) consist of pairs of alternate forms (alleles). · Each trait was controlled by a pair of alleles - After analyzing his results, Mendel concluded that alternate versions of heritable factors exist. We now call the heritable factors genes. The alternate forms of a gene are called alleles. Mendel proposed that each parent contributes only one allele of its pair to the offspring. Analyzing his results mathematically helped him to substantiate his theory. - Mendel was ahead of his time; he discovered the processes of meiosis before the chromosome theory was developed. Pairs of alleles segregate during gamete formation. In combination, one allele may dominate or mask the other. - Mendel concluded that when the alleles occurred together in a plant, the smooth-seed trait dominates the wrinkled-seed trait. The trait that is masked is called the recessive trait.

- According to the law of segregation, the pairs segregate and each parent donates only one to the offspring.

- When Mendel crossed true-breeding wrinkled-seed plants with smooth-seed plants, all of the F1 plants had smooth seeds. The wrinkled trait reappeared in the F2 in a 1:3 ratio with the smooth trait

When a true breeding smooth-seeded pea plant is crossed with one that is a true breeding wrinkled seeded pea plant, why is a wrinkled-seeded offspring unlikely to result?

- The smooth-seeded gene masks the wrinkled-seeded gene in the F1 generation.

From his experimental results, Mendel developed a hypothesis that is now called the first law of segregation. Which of the following is not a part of this hypothesis?

- Every organism gets two copies of a gene from each parent

In pea plants, plants with inflated pods are crossed with ones with constricted pods. All of the offspring are found to have inflated pods. If a cross is carried out among the offspring, what would be the expected ratio for the phenotypes of the F2 generation?

- Three inflated to one constricted

According to Mendel’s model, which of the following is the best explanation for a given trait disappearing for a generation?

- Dominant alleles mask recessive alleles

Which one of the following best illustrates alleles of a gene?

- A gene for green pods and a gene for yellow pods

A pea plant with green pods is crossed with a pea plant with yellow pods. The F1 generation was all the same color. If 75% of the F2 generation have green pods and 25% have yellow pods, what conclusion can we make?

- Both parent plants were true breeding

Let S be the allele for smooth seeds and s be the allele for wrinkled seeds. If an individual has the allelic combination Ss, which of the following is a true statement concerning this individual?

- The individual has smooth seeds

Which of the following Mendelian conclusions describes the process of meiosis?

- Alleles are segregated in the formation of gametes

“Segregation” of alleles means:

- the separation of alleles during the formation of gametes

Which of the following is not true of Mendel’s mechanism of inheritance?

- Heritable factors that are dominant are more likely to be passed on to the next generation.

9.1.3 Mendel's Conclusions: Alternate Alleles and Dominance Flashcards by Irina Soloshenko

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9.1.3 Mendel's Conclusions: Alternate Alleles and Dominance Flashcards

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