8.1.1 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Flashcards
1
Q
note
A
- Cells don’t grow to be very large because as the cell gets larger, its volume increases faster than its surface area. If the surface-area-to-volume ratio gets too small, then the cell will not be able to function properly.
• Before a cell divides, the genetic material must be organized and it must make a duplicate copy of its DNA for the daughter cell
2
Q
cell cycle
A
- divides the life of a cell into several phases:
· G1 phase (first gap)
· S phase (synthesis phase)
· G2 phase (second gap)
· M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis). - The cell cycle is divided into several phases. Ninety percent of the cell’s life cycle is in interphase, which includes G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase. In all of interphase the cell is growing by producing organelles and proteins. In S phase the DNA of the cell is replicated (copied). A cell spends ten percent of its life in M phase. During M phase the cell undergoes mitosis (division of the nucleus) and cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm)
3
Q
DNA
A
- must be organized into a more condensed form before cell division. DNA plus proteins pack into a more condensed form. A chromosome is a strand of DNA that encodes many genes. The most highly condensed chromosome only exists when cell division is occurring. At all other times when DNA is less condensed it is called chromatin.
4
Q
replication
A
- the process by which the DNA is doubled in
preparation for cell division. The chromosome has two
identical copies connected at a region called the centromere
5
Q
Which statement about the cell cycle is incorrect?
A
- In G2 phase, the cell begins shrinking in preparation for division
6
Q
Identifiable chromosomes are present in the cell only during:
A
- M
7
Q
True or false?
Interphase of the cell cycle lasts longer than mitosis.
A
- true
8
Q
If a cell is in a state in which it no longer divides then the cell is probably arrested at which stage of the cell cycle?
A
- G1
9
Q
When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle?
A
- interphase
