- Systems within a multicellular organism must be able to communicate with each other in order to maintain homeostasis. Cells communicate with each other through cell junctions and membrane receptors. The nervous system allows for communication between cells, tissues, and organs. - The most primitive animal is the sponge (Phylum Porifera). Sponges have no true organ systems and therefore no nervous system. They function by filtering water and trapping food particles.

- The most primitive nervous system in animals is found in Cnidarians (Phylum Cnidaria). Cnidarians have a network of nerves between two cell layers. This nervous system allows Cnidarians to detect and respond to stimuli.

- Cephalization is the aggregation of nerves and brain tissue in the anterior portion of an animal. Cephalization had important implication for the evolution of many systems including the digestive system, the circulatory system and especially the nervous system. - Aggregations of ganglia developed into brains. A central nervous system (CNS) is made up of a brain along one or two longitudinal nerve cords

12.14.4 The Nervous System: A Phylogenetic Perspective Flashcards by Irina Soloshenko

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12.14.4 The Nervous System: A Phylogenetic Perspective Flashcards

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