4.3.1 Aerobic Respiration: The Acetyl CoA Step Flashcards

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1
Q

pyruvate

A
  • produced from glycolysis, it enters the mitochondria to begin aerobic respiration
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2
Q

aerobic respiration

A
  • begins with the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. This conversion takes place in three steps: decarboxylation, the reduction of NAD+, and the attachment of coenzyme A.
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3
Q

note

A
  • Some organisms that have no mitochondria or no access to oxygen will undergo fermentation and produce ethanol or lactic acid in the cytosol of the cell.
  • Those that do have mitochondria and access to oxygen will undergo aerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria and requires the presence of oxygen.
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4
Q

decarboxylation

A
  • (removal of CO2) of pyruvate. A transfer of electrons then takes place, which results in the reduction of NAD+ to NADH + H+. Finally, coenzyme A (a B vitamin derivative) is added to the molecule to produce acetyl CoA. The addition of coenzyme A energizes the molecule and makes it more unstable. When a molecule is unstable, it is more prone to react and release energy; thus, this step has prepared the glucose derivative for more energy release.
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5
Q

The acetyl CoA step produces

A
  • NADH + H+, and CO2
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6
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the acetyl CoA step is false?

A
  • During the acetyl CoA step, carbon dioxide is added to pyruvate.
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7
Q

The acetyl CoA step in cellular respiration takes place

A
  • under aerobic conditions
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8
Q

True or false?

The acetyl CoA step is the first step in the Krebs cycle.

A
  • false
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9
Q

Pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA in the

A
  • mitochondria
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10
Q

Comparing glycolysis under anaerobic conditions to glycolysis under aerobic conditions, which statement is true?

A
  • Glucose is converted to pyruvate and then lactate under anaerobic conditions, while it is converted to acetyl CoA under aerobic conditions.
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