5.1.1 The Unraveling of Photosynthesis: A Historical Perspective Flashcards

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1
Q

experiments by Van Helmont, Joseph Priestly, and Ingenhousz

A
  • helped to pave the way for the unraveling of photosynthesis.
    • Photosynthesis is the process by which plants produce their own food.
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2
Q

autotrophs

A
  • organisms that can synthesize their own food
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3
Q

heterotrophs

A
  • organisms that must take in food from outside sources
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4
Q

Van Helmont

A
  • In the seventeenth century Van Helmont planted a willow tree in a tub. After five years he calculated that the willow tree gained 164 pounds. He also calculated that the soil had lost two ounces.
  • From his research, Van Helmont concluded that water was involved in the conversion of abiotic (H2O) material to biotic materials (plant tissues).
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5
Q

Joseph Priestly

A
  • was a clergyman who performed photosynthesis experiments. He placed a mouse in a lidded empty jar. The mouse died because there was no oxygen available. When a mouse was placed in a jar with a plant, it lived.
  • From is experiment, he concluded that plants must be able to produce oxygen; thus plants are able to take in water and form organic materials and oxygen.
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6
Q

Ingenhousz

A
  • found that plants give off oxygen in the presence
    of light. He also found that in the dark, plants give off some carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • Plants must therefore somehow use water and light to build plant material and give off oxygen.
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7
Q

True or false?

Plants are heterotrophs, because they rely on water, light, and carbon dioxide for food.

A
  • false
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8
Q

Who found that plants give off oxygen in the presence of light and give off some carbon dioxide in the dark?

A
  • Jan Ingenhousz
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9
Q

Johann Baptista van Helmont concluded that the willow tree gained its weight from

A
  • water
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10
Q

Joseph Priestly discovered that

A
  • the gas that a mouse removes from the air is produced by plants
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