2.2.2 Ionic and Covalent Bonds Flashcards

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1
Q

electrostatics

A
  • describes the tendency for positive and negative charges to attract.
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2
Q

ionic and covalent bonds

A
  • two common types of bonds that form between atoms
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3
Q

note

A
  • An ionic bond forms from the attraction of oppositely charged atoms called ions.
  • A covalent bond forms when atoms share electrons.
  • Atoms want to have their outermost shells filled.
  • An atom’s ability to fill its outer shell is related
    to its electronegativity.
  • A chlorine atom (Cl) needs one electron to fill its shell, and it has a high electronegativity.
  • A sodium atom (Na) has only one electron in its outer shell, and its electronegativity is relatively low.
  • As a result, Cl can take away Na’s electron, leading to the formation of the ions, Na+ and Cl-
  • Because these ions have opposite charges, they are electrostatically attracted to one another. This attraction is called an ionic bond.
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4
Q

electronegativity

A
  • the ability of an atom to gain an electron. An atom that has a high electronegativity is better able to pull an
    electron towards itself than an atom with a low electronegativity.
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5
Q

ionic bonds

A
  • form from the attraction of the oppositely charged ions that result from a process called ionization.
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6
Q

covalent bonds

A
  • form when the differences between the electronegativities of atoms are equal or similar.
  • Instead of an atom taking an electron from
    another atom, the two atoms share electrons.
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7
Q

Ionic bonds are formed when

A
  • two atoms of opposite charge come together to form an uncharged compound.
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8
Q

When two oxygen atoms (atomic number 8) interact to form molecular oxygen

A
  • they share electrons.
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9
Q

True or false?

Any two ions of opposite charge can form an ionic bond.

A
  • true
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