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Anatomy > 9 Muscle Organization > Flashcards

9 Muscle Organization Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four fascicles arrangements seen in muscles?

A

Parallel, pennate, convergent, and circular.

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2
Q

Describe parallel muscles and give an example

A

The fibers are parallel, e.g. Rectus abdominis or sartorius

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3
Q

Describe convergent fascicles arrangements and give examples

A

A broad origin converges toward insertion, e.g. Pectoralis major or latissimus dorsi

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4
Q

Describe a circular fascicle arrangement and give an example

A

Concentric rings of muscle fibers, e.g. Orbicularis oculi/orbicularis oris.

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5
Q

Describe a pennate fascicle arrangement and five and example.

A

Muscle fibers are short and obliquely attached to their connective tissue. There are three different classifications: unipennate, bipennate, and multipennate.

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6
Q

What is an example of a muscle which is unipennate?

A

Extensor digitorum

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7
Q

What is an example of muscle which is bipennate?

A

Rectus femoris

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8
Q

What is an example of a muscle which is multipennate?

A

Deltoid muscle.

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9
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the biceps brachii?

A

O: supraglenoid tubercle, coracoid process.
I: radial tuberosity

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10
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the brachialis muscle?

A

O: anterior shaft of the humerus
I: coranoid process.

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11
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the brachoradialis?

A

O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: styloid process of radius

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12
Q

What are the origins and insertions of triceps brachii

A

O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula and shaft of humerus
I: olecranon process of ulna

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13
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis.

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14
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the supraspinatus muscle?

A

O: supraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus

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15
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the infraspinatus?

A

O: infraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus

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16
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the teres minor muscle?

A

O: lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus

17
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the subscapularis?

A

O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus

18
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the pectorals major muscle?

A

O: clavicle, sternum, ribs 2-6
I: intertubercular groove of the humerus

19
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the teres major muscle?

A

O: lateral border and inferior angle of the scapula
I: intertubercular groove of the humerus

20
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

O: spinous processes of T7-T12, ribs 8-12, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
I: intertubercular groove of humerus

21
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the rectus femoris muscle?

A

O: anterior inferior iliac spine
I: tibial tuberosity

22
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the vastus lateralis muscle?

A

O: greater trochanter and linea aspera
I: tibial tuberosity

23
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the vastus intermedius muscle?

A

O: shaft of the femur
I: tibial tuberosity

24
Q

What are the intertubercular groove muscles?

A

Pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi

25
Q

What are the hamstring muscles?

A

Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

26
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the biceps femoris?

A

O: ischial tuberosity and linea aspera
I: head of fibula

27
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the semimembranosus?

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia

28
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the semitendinosus?

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: pes anserinus

29
Q

Where do all the hamstring muscles originate?

A

Ischial tuberosity

30
Q

What is the most common and serious form of muscular dystrophy?

A

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

31
Q

What are the symptoms of muscular dystrophy?

A

Muscles enlarge, but fibers atrophy. X-linked recessive gene. 1 out of every 3500 males is affected. Lack a protein called dystrophin.

32
Q

What is inversion?

A

Foot turning medially. Plantar region opening toward medial malleolus.

33
Q

What is eversion?

A

Turning laterally. Plantar region is exposed laterally towards lateral malleolus.

Anatomy (27 decks)

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