19 Respiratory System Flashcards
What type of tissue is the nose and nasal cavity lined with?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What type of tissue is the nasopharynx lined with?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What type of tissue is the oropharynx lined with?
Stratified squamous
What type of tissue is the laryngopharynx lined with?
stratified squamous
What is the other name for the false vocal chords?
vestibular folds
What is the other name for the true vocal chords?
vocal folds
What type of cells line the trachea?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium studded with mucus producing goblet cells.
How many secondary bronchi are found in the left lung? What about right?
2 in left lung
3 in right
How many tertiary bronchi in left lung? Right?
8-10 in left
10 in right
What are the types of cells present in alveoli?
Type I-simple squamous
Type II- secrete surfactant and keep alveoli from collapsing
Dust cells- macrophages
What muscles contract during inhalation?
Diaphragm, external intercostals, scalenes, pectoralis minor
What muscles relax and which contract during exhalation?
Relax: Diaphragm, external intercostals, scalenes, pec minor
contract: abdominal wall, internal intercostals.
Where does external respiration occur? Internal?
external: in the alveoli
internal: between erythrocytes and individual cells
In cystic fibrosis, what can goblet cells not secrete and how does that effect mucus?
goblet cells can’t secrete chloride, resulting, osmotically, in thick sticky mucus. This clogs alveoli and affects GI tract, digestion, tears, etc…
What are three common types of lung cancer:
squamous cell carcinoma (most common)
adenocarcinoma
small cell carcinoma
