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Anatomy > 22 The Urinary System > Flashcards

22 The Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the functional unit of the kidney? How many in each kidney?

A

The Nephron loop—1 million in each kidney.

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2
Q

What is tubular reabsorbtion?

A

substances move by diffusion and active transport back into blood in the efferent arteriole
fluids move from tubules > blood stream

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3
Q

What is tubular secretion?

A

Transport of solutes by active transport from blood into tubules.
fluids move from blood stream > tubules.

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4
Q

What is the tissue of the proximal convoluted tube made of?

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium with microvilli

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5
Q

What is the name of the muscle in the muscular layer of the bladder?

A

Detrusor muscle

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6
Q

What areas of the brain control urination?

A

Pons and sacral spinal cord

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7
Q

What division of nervous system stimulates micturation?

A

parasympathetic stimulates it

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8
Q

What division of the nervous system inhibits micturation?

A

Sympathetic division

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9
Q

What structures regulate blood pressures?

A

Junxtaglomerular cells and macula densa

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10
Q

What is actively reabsorbed in the Proximal convoluted tubule?

A

Nutrients
electrolytes
plasma proteins

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11
Q

What is reabsorbed in the the nephron loop?

A

Water
Sodium
Chloride

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12
Q

What kind of cells make up the thick portion of nephron loop?

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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13
Q

What cells make up the thin portions of nephron?

A

simple squamous epithelium

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14
Q

What is the capillary network around the proximal convoluted tubule called?

A

peritubular capillaries

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15
Q

What is the capillary network around the nephron loop called?

A

vasa recta capillary network

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16
Q

What tissue makes up the distal proximal tubule?

A

simple cuboidal epithelium with fewer micro villi

17
Q

What kind of exchange occurs in distal convoluted tubule?

A

regulated secretion of potassium and hydrogen

regulated reabsorption of sodium and water

18
Q

what hormones control the regulated reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal convoluted tubules?

A

Aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone

19
Q

What absorption occurs in collecting ducts?

A

Water reabsorption stimulated by ADH when dehydrated

Anatomy (27 decks)

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