9: Muscle Organization Flashcards
What are the 6 types of arrangements of fascicles?
- Parallel
- Circular
- Convergent
- Unipennate
- Bipennate
- Multipennate
What are the 6 classifications used to name muscles?
- Action
- Body region
- Attachments
- Orientation
- Shape/size
- Number of heads
What is the difference between the origin and instertion?
Origin is less movable
Insertion is more movable
What are the 4 roles of muscles during movement?
- Agonist
- Antagonist
- Synergist
- Fixator
What does the agonist do?
Agonist is the primary mover
What does the antagonist do?
Opposite of the agonist
What does the synergist do?
Helps to perform the function of the agonist
What does the fixator do?
Fixate the joint proximal to the joint of agonist action (Like the deltoid if the elbow joint is moved by the agonist)
Is raising your arms flexing or extending your shoulder?
Flexion
What is the name of the movement that pushes your fingers against each other?
Opposition
What is the name of the movement that moves the jaw anteriorly?
Protraction
What is the name of the movement that moves the jaw posteriorly?
Retraction
What muscle is composed of frontalis, occipitalis, and galea aponeurotica?
Epicranius
What is the name of the muscle superior to the orbicularis oculi, forming part of the eyebrow?
Corrugator supercilii
What are the 4 muscles of mastication?
- Masseter
- Temporalis
- Medial pterygoid
- Lateral pterygoid
What are the 3 insertions of the triceps brachii?
- Infraglenoid tubercle
2/3. Posterior shaft of the humerus
Gotcha there’s only 2
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
What muscles of the rotator cuff rotate the humerus laterally?
Infraspinatus and teres minor
What muscle of the rotator cuff abducts the humerus?
Supraspinatus
What muscle of the rotator cuff rotates the humerus medially?
Subscapularis
What two muscles are shoulder adductors/flexors?
Coracobrachialis
Pectoralis major
What two muscles are shoulder adductors/extensors?
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
What muscle is a shoulder abductor and can flex/extend the shoulder?
Deltoid
What muscles are the knee extensors? Where do they all insert?
QUADS!
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Rectus femoris
They all insert at the tibial tuberosity
What muscles are the knee flexors? Where do they originate?
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris
They all originate at the ischial tuberosity
What muscles are hip adductors?
Pectineus
Gracilis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Adductor brevis
What is the origin and insertion of the gracilis?
Origin: Inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: Proximal part of medial surface of tibia
What are the hip abductor muscles?
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
What muscle are the hip flexors?
Iliopsoas
Psoas major
Iliacus
Rectus femoris
What muscles are the hip extensors?
Gluteus maximus
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris (long head)
