19: Respiratory Flashcards
What is the conducting zone of the respiratory system?
Organs and structures not directly involved in gas exchange (everything except bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli)
What is the respiratory zone of the respiratory system?
Structures that are directly involved in gas exchange
Begins where the terminal bronchioles join respiratory bronchioles
What function do the nasal conchae serve?
Disrupt air flow so that it can be cleaned and warmed
What is the name for the spaces between the conchae?
Meatuses
How many secondary bronchi are there?
5 (2 left, 3 right)
The muscular walls of bronchioles are different from the walls of the bronchi in that they do not contain ______
Cartilage
Which is smaller, terminal bronchiole or respiratory bronchiole?
Respiratory bronchiole
What do alveolar pores connect and why?
They connect the alveoli to help maintain equal air pressure throughout the alveoli and lung
What are the three types of cells in the alveolar wall?
Type 1 alveolar cells
Type 2 alveolar cells
Alveolar macrophages
What are type 1 alveolar cells?
Permeable squamous epithelial cells
What are type 2 alveolar cells?
Cells that secrete surfactant, which reduces the surface tension of the alveoli to keep them open
What two structures form the respiratory membrane?
Alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium
What segment of a lung is supplied air by its own tertiary bronchus?
Bronchopulmonary segment
What two muscle groups are used during inspiration?
Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
What is pulmonary ventilation?
Flow of respiratory gases from outside to the alveoli (and vice versa)
