Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > 17: Blood Vessels > Flashcards

17: Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three primary layers that form blood vessels from external to internal?

A

Tunica externa
Tunica media
Tunica intima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What layer of the tunica intima is composed of simple squamous epithelium?

A

Endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What layer of the tunica intima binds the endothelium to a layer of areolar connective tissue?

A

Basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What layer forms the boundary between the tunica intima and tunica media in larger arteries?

A

Internal elastic membrane (not present in veins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What layer of blood vessels is much thicker in arteries than veins and is composed of layers of smooth muscle?

A

Tunica media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What layer forms the boundary between the tunica media and the tunica externa in larger arteries?

A

External elastic membrane (not present in veins or smaller arteries)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What layer of blood vessels is composed primarily of collagenous fibers and is normally the thickest layer in veins?

A

Tunica externa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What structure do large blood vessels have to supply blood to walls of the same blood vessels?

A

Vaso vasorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the difference of the appearance of the tunica intima in arteries and veins?

A

In arteries the tunica intima is wrinkled because of vasodilation and vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an elastic artery?

A

Arteries closest to the heart that have a high percentage of elastic fibers in all three of their tunics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a muscular artery?

A

An artery with a decreased amount of elastic fibers but an increased amount of smooth muscle in the tunica media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which of the normal three layers of blood vessels do arterioles have?

A

ALL OF THEM! Trick question lol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 3 types of capillaries?

A

Continuous
Fenestrated
Sinusoidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What characteristic in continuous capillaries allow for exchange of small molecules?

A

Intercellular clefts are portions of tight junctions that are incomplete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What characteristic of fenestrated capillaries allows for exchange of large molecules?

A

Pores in the capillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What kind of capillary is least common?

A

Sinusoidal

17
Q

What characteristic of sinusoidal capillaries allows for passage of whole cells?

A

Extensive intercellular gaps and incomplete basement membranes

18
Q

What is a metarteriole?

A

Portion between arterioles and capillaries that has characteristics of both, with incomplete smooth muscle rings

19
Q

What structure regulates blood flow between metarterioles and capillaries?

A

Precapillary sphincters

20
Q

What is the smallest portion of a vein (analogous to arterioles)?

A

Venules

21
Q

What does the umbilical vein carry?

A

Oxygen-rich blood

22
Q

What do the 2 umbilical arteries carry?

A

oxygen-depleted blood

23
Q

What structure carries the blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava?

A

Ductus venosus

24
Q

What structure in adults is the remnant of the umbilical arteries?

A

Medial umbilical ligaments

25
Q

What structure in adults is the remnant of the umbilical vein?

A

Round ligament of the liver

26
Q

How many circulatory shunts are there in a fetus? What do they do?

A

3

2 of them divert blood from the pulmonary to the systemic circuit

1 connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava

27
Q

What is the foramen ovale? What does is become in adults?

A

An opening in the interatrial septum that allows blood to flow from the right to the left atrium

Becomes the fossa ovalis

28
Q

What is the ductus arteriosus? What does it become in adults?

A

Muscular vessel that connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta. This diverts most of the blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta (only leaving enough blood to keep lung tissue alive)

Becomes the ligamentum arteriosum

29
Q

What is the ductus venosus? What does it become in adults?

A

Vein from the umbilical vein that bypasses the fetal liver sinusoids and goes directly to the inferior vena cava

Becomes ligamentum venosum

30
Q

How does atherosclerosis occur?

A

Injury to the endothelium of an artery (could be from high blood glucose, infection, tobacco, etc.) that irritates and scars the endothelium. Cholesterol and other cellular debris get trapped in the scarring causing a buildup of plaque, or atheroma. Plaque can break off and become embolus

31
Q

What are varicose veins?

A

Veins with defective valves that allow blood to accumulate in the veins

Anatomy (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions