(9) Anesthetics SLO Flashcards
A client is having a scalp laceration sutured and is to be given Lidocaine that contains Epinephrine. The nurse knows that this combination is designed to:
A. Prevent infection in the wound
B. Cause vasodilation at the site of the laceration
C. Improve the absorption of the Lidocaine
D. Increase the duration of the anesthetic action in the area of the injection
E. Decrease blood pressure in the patient and have a calming effect
Increase the duration of the anesthetic action in the area of the injection
Analgesia is the loss of \_\_?\_\_ A. All sensation B. Consciousness C. Pain sensation D. Long-term memory E. Short-term memory
Pain sensation
Anesthesia is the loss of ___?___, but anesthetic agents are NOT all analgesic!
A. Short-term memory
B. Consciousness
C. Long-term memory
D. Pain sensations only
E. (All) sensation with or without loss of consciousness
(All) sensation with or without loss of consciousness
Dentists with high exposure to nitrous oxide have higher risk of developing \_\_\_?\_\_\_ and neuropathy similar to Vitamin B12 deficiency. A. Insulin resistance B. Glucose resistance C. Megaloblastic anemia D. Kidney failure E. Metabolic syndrome
Megaloblastic anemia
Etomidate is associated with \_\_?\_\_. A. PONV B. Laryngospasm and hiccups C. Apnea D. Muscle movement E. All the above
PONV Laryngospasm and hiccups Apnea Muscle movement **ALL***
Fentanyl causes \_\_\_?\_\_\_, so would be a poor option for obese patients. A. Panting B. Chest wall rigidity C. Analgesia D. Flacid paralysis E. Induction
Chest wall rigidity
Fentanyl is associated with \_\_?\_\_. A. Enhanced reflexes B. Hiccups C. Skeletal Muscle relaxation D. No vomiting E. Apnea and constipation
Apnea and constipation
Isoflurane is a lung irritant and will cause laryngospasm and bronchospasm. It is contraindicated in \_\_\_?\_\_ A. The elderly B. DMT2 patients C. Asthmatics D. Dentists E. Minor surgical procedures
Asthmatics
Isoflurane is associated with \_\_?\_\_. A. PONV B. Laryngospasm and apnea C. Changes in mood D. Shivering E. All the above
PONV Laryngospasm and apnea Changes in mood Shivering **ALL**
Midazolam is associated with \_\_?\_\_. A. Muscle movement B. Severe respiratory depression C. Short-term memory loss D. Sedation E. All the above
Muscle movement Sedation Severe respiratory depression Short-term memory loss ***ALL***
Obese patients present problems for anesthesia: sedative premedications should be avoided to reduce the risk of a collapsed airway; their increased body mass and high % of adipose requires more O2 predisposing them to hypoxia; Extra body mass over chest decreases chest wall compliance making breathing difficult; obese patients tend to have multi organ system problems including HT, DMT2; alterations in volumes of distribution (reduction in total body water), and the binding and elimination of drugs is unpredictable. Lipid soluble drugs, including the___?___, fentanyl and propofol, are very likely to have a prolonged duration of effect.
A. Volatile agents
B. Water soluble barbiturates
C. Water soluble benzodiazepines
Volatile agents
Patients with a genetic predisposition to developing \_\_\_?\_\_\_ are at particular risk when given the halogenated volatile liquid general anesthetics and inorganic gas general anesthetics. A. Steven Johnson’s syndrome B. Serotonin syndrome C. Megaloblastic anemia D. Malignant hyperthermia E. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Malignant Hyperthermia
Patients with a ___?___ should not use Ester local anesthetics like benzocaine.
A. Cold
B. History of heart disease
C. Risk factor for malignant hyperthermia
D. G6PD deficiency
E. PABA allergy
PABA Allergy
Propofol is associated with \_\_?\_\_. A. Apnea B. Hypotension C. Bradycardia D. Chest wall rigidity E. A, B and C, not D
Apnea
Hypotension
Bradycardia
NOT CHEST WALL RIGIDITY
Sufentanil is a potent opioid analgesic indicated for use as part of balanced general anesthesia. Which of the following products contains an opioid similar to sufentanil? A. Ultane B. Ketaset C. Versed D. Sublimaze E. Diprivan
Sublimaze (Fentanyl)
The halogenated volatile liquid anesthetics are associated with \_\_?\_\_. A. PONV B. Hyperkalemia C. Malignant hyperthermia D. Seizure-like EEG E. All the above
PONV Hyperkalemia Malignant hyperthermia Seizure-like EEG **ALL**
The inorganic gas anesthetic nitrous oxide is administered \_\_?\_\_. A. PO B. IV C. Hyperbarically D. IM E. SC
Hyperbarically
The nurse administering succinylcholine (Anectine) prior to intubating a patient for mechanical ventilation, knows that this drug causes:
A. Muscle paralysis and deep analgesia
B. Muscle paralysis without analgesia or unconsciousness
C. Increased alertness, but amnesia
D. Loss of consciousness along with muscle paralysis and anesthesia
E. Deep muscle relaxation and pain relief
Muscle paralysis WITHOUT analgesia or unconsciousness
What is the amount of an inhaled anesthetic that is needed to anesthetize ½ of patients called? A. SJS B. Malignant Hyperthermia C. Analgesia D. MAC sedation E. MAC
MAC
Which is a C-II opioid analgesic indicated for IV or epidural analgesia, sedation, induction and short-duration anesthesia for minor procedures? Also used TD as an analgesic. A. Isoflurane B. Diprivan C. Fentanyl D. Versed E. Ultane
Fentanyl (Sublimaze, Duragesic)
Which is a C-III barbiturate (GABA-A agonist) parenteral general anesthetic? A. Thiopental B. Etomidate C. Dantrolene D. Benzocaine E. Lidocaine
Thiopental (Pentothal)
Which is a C-III non-barbiturate parenteral general anesthetic (it is an NMDA antagonist)? It is an excellent analgesic and is indicated as the sole anesthetic agent or as an adjunct especially with nitrous oxide, also as an induction agent. A. Amidate B. Diprivan C. Ketaset D. Dantrolene E. Xylocaine
Ketaset (Ketamine)
Which is a C-IV BZD (GABA-A agonist) used as a sedative, hypnotic, amnesiac, anxiolytic, AED? Indicated for pre-op sedation/anxiolysis/amnesia; induction of anesthesia; sedation of ventilated patients. A. Diprivan B. Ultane C. Versed D. Fentanyl E. Isoflurane
Versed (Midazolam) (Hypnovel)
Which is a Halogenated volatile liquid general anesthetic indicated for in and outpatient induction and maintenance of general anesthesia? A. Ultane B. Nitrous oxide C. Pentothal D. Amidate E. Sublimaze
Ultane (Sevoflurane)
Which is a Halogenated volatile liquid general anesthetic indicated for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia? A. Fentanyl B. Diprivan C. Nitrous oxide D. Versed E. Isoflurane
Isoflurane (Forane)
Which is a Non-barbiturate parenteral general anesthetic indicated as an IV sedative/hypnotic for fast induction and maintenance of anesthesia and for sedation? Also used to induce coma. May be used as a rescue antiemetic. A. Amidate B. Xylocaine C. Diprivan D. Ketaset E. Dantrolene
Diprivan (Propofol)
Which is a Non-barbiturate parenteral general anesthetic used as a hypnotic for induction of general anesthesia. It has no analgesic properties? Rapid injection leads to severe hypotension. A. Diprivan B. Dantrium C. Amidate D. Xylocaine E. Ketaset
Amidate (Etomidate)
Which is an Anti spasmodic indicated for chronic spasticity associated with spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis; malignant hyperthermia? A. Dantrolene B. Thiopental C. Etomidate D. Benzocaine E. Lidocaine
Dantrolene (Dantrium)
Which is an Ester local anesthetic for the temporary relief of pain and itch associated with minor burns, sunburn, minor skin/gum/mouth/ear irritations and insect bites? A. Benzocaine B. Thiopental C. Etomidate D. Dantrolene E. Lidocaine
Benzocaine (Dermoplast, Anbesol)
Which of the following is an Inorganic gas general anesthetic? A. Nitrous oxide (N2O) B. Sevoflurane C. Isoflurane D. Oxygen E. Propofol
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Which is an Amide local anesthetic and anti arrhythmic for the relief from the itch, burn or pain of skin inflammation, insect bites, as an anesthetic for dental and minor surgery; tinnitus; jellyfish stings; and is an anti arrhythmic for ventricular tachyarrhythmia control? A. Dantrolene B. Etomidate C. Lidocaine D. Benzocaine E. Thiopental
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
\_\_?\_\_ is usually lighter sedation so patient is relaxed, but can still follow instructions – often used in dental surgery (e.g., wisdom tooth extraction). A. MAC B. MAC sedation C. SJS D. Analgesia E. Malignant Hyperthermia
MAC sedation
