(17) Micro 1 SLO Flashcards
Adapalene (Differin) has an unknown mechanism for acne. It behaves like: A. A corticosteroid B. An alpha 1 blocker C. A retinoid D. An anti-androgen agent E. An anticholinergic antispasmodic
A retinoid
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) coadministered with __?__ is potentially fatal.
A. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
B. None of the listed drugs, Cipro is a very safe drug
C. All the listed drugs are potentially hazardous with Cipro
D. Theophylline (Theo-24)
E. NSAIDs
Theophylline (Theo-24)
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) increases the risk of tendon rupture in patients \_\_?\_\_ A. Older than 60 yrs B. Who have had a transplant C. Taking corticosteroids D. With a history of seizures E. A, B & C, not D
A, B & C, not D
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) should be used with caution in patients:
A. Who are older than 60 years
B. With a history of seizures
C. Who have had a transplant surgery or are taking chronic corticosteroids
D. Have Myasthenia gravis
E. All the above
All the above
Cocci and bacilli are bacterial shapes, cocci are \_\_?\_\_, bacilli are \_\_?\_\_ A. chains/clusters B. spirals/balls C. rods/spheres D. spheres/rods E. groups of 2/groups of four
spheres/rods
Coffee and other caffeinated beverages should be discouraged with ciprofloxacin due to the risk of \_\_?\_\_. A. Shock B. Seizures C. Sedation D. Stroke E. Suicide
Seizures
Doxazosin (Cardura) & Tamsulosin (Flomax) treat BPH because they are: A. Anticholinergic antispasmodics B. Beta blockers C. Retinoids D. Anti-androgen agents E. Alpha 1 blockers
Alpha 1 blockers
Finasteride (Proscar, Propecia) treats BPH because it is: A. A beta blocker B. A retinoid C. An anti-androgen agent D. A corticosteroid E. An alpha-1 blocker
An anti-androgen agent
Fluoroquinolones (Cipro) are bactericidal and work by:
A. Inhibiting cell wall formation
B. Directly blocking protein synthesis
C. Inhibiting enzymes involved with DNA synthesis and metabolism
D. Interfering with metabolism
E. Damaging RNA
Inhibiting enzymes involved with DNA synthesis and metabolism
Identify the basis of Sulfonamide antibacterial activity:
A. They have local anesthetic action
B. They are analogs and antagonists of PABA. The end result is inhibition of DNA synthesis but they are classified as inhibitors of metabolism.
C. They protect the bladder wall
D. They react with RNA, damage DNA, interfere with cell wall synthesis, and interfere with CBH metabolism…
E. They alter the pH of urine
They are analogs and antagonists of PABA. The end result is inhibition of DNA synthesis but they are classified as inhibitors of metabolism.
Isotretinoin (Accutane, Sotret) has an unknown mechanism to treat severe acne. It is: A. An alpha 1 blocker B. A retinoid C. A beta blocker D. An anti-androgen agent E. An anticholinergic antispasmodic
A retinoid
Isotretinoin should be taken with \_\_?\_\_? A. An antacid B. Every meal C. Vitamin A D. Fatty food E. Water
Fatty food
Methylene blue is associated with __?__
A. Hypotension
B. Allergic reactions, acute renal failure, and rash.
C. MAOI activity
D. Peripheral neuropathies and GI upset.
E. Heparin-like anticoagulant activity.
MAOI activity
Methylene blue works by:
A. Protecting the bladder mucosa
B. Reacting with RNA, damaging DNA, interfering with cell wall synthesis, and interfering with CBH metabolism…
C. Altering urine pH
D. Providing local anesthetic activity
E. Acting as an analog and antagonist of PABA.
Altering urine pH
Muscarinic antagonist antispasmodics for overactive bladder are associated with __?__
A. Discoloration of the urine, headache
B. MAOI activity
C. Teratogenicity
D. Impotence
E. Constipation, confusion, headache, dry mouth & eyes
Constipation, confusion, headache, dry mouth & eyes
Nitrofurantoin is associated with __?__
A. Peripheral neuropathies, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, liver dysfunction, hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients and GI upset.
B. Heparin-like anticoagulant activity.
C. Discoloration of urine, GI upset, headache and allergic reactions.
D. MAOI activity
E. Allergic reactions, hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients, acute renal failure, and rash.
Peripheral neuropathies, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, liver dysfunction, hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients and GI upset.
Nitrofurantoin works by:
A. Altering urine pH
B. Protecting the bladder mucosa
C. Acting as an analog and antagonist of PABA.
D. Reacting with RNA, damaging DNA, interfering with cell wall synthesis, and interfering with CBH metabolism…
E. Having local anesthetic activity
Reacting with RNA, damaging DNA, interfering with cell wall synthesis, and interfering with CBH metabolism
Of the antibiotics listed, which is considered to have the “narrowest spectrum?” A. Penicillins B. Isoniazid C. Aminoglycosides D. Macrolides E. Tetracyclines
Isoniazid
Pentosan polysulfate sodium (Elmiron) works by:
A. Altering urine pH
B. Reacting with RNA, damaging DNA, interfering with cell wall synthesis, and interfering with CBH metabolism…
C. Acting as an analog and antagonist of PABA.
D. Local analgesic activity
E. Protecting the bladder wall
Protecting the bladder wall
Pentosan polysulfate sodium is associated with __?__
A. Hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients.
B. Heparin-like anticoagulant activity
C. Discoloration of urine, GI upset, headache and allergic reactions.
D. MAOI activity
E. Peripheral neuropathies and liver dysfunction.
Heparin-like anticoagulant activity
Phenazopyridine (Baridium) works by:
A. Acting as a local anesthetic in the bladder
B. Acting as an analog and antagonist of PABA.
C. Altering urine pH
D. Reacting with RNA, damaging DNA, interfering with cell wall synthesis, and interfering with CBH metabolism…
E. Protecting the bladder mucosa
Acting as a local anesthetic in the bladder
Phenazopyridine is associated with __?__
A. MAOI activity
B. Allergic reactions, acute renal failure and rash.
C. Peripheral neuropathies and GI upset.
D. Discoloration of urine, GI upset, headache and allergic reactions.
E. Heparin-like anticoagulant activity
Discoloration of urine, GI upset, headache and allergic reactions.
Pregnant women should not ever handle or take: A. Finasteride B. Isotretinoin C. Amoxicillin D. A & B E. A, B and C
A & B
Quinolones like Cipro are associated with __?__
A. Hemolytic anemia and allergic skin reactions.
B. Tooth discoloration (in developing permanent teeth).
C. Tendon rupture, photosensitivity, CDAD, creating resistant bacterial species, nightmares, tachycardia, and peripheral neuropathies.
D. Discoloration of the urine, GI upset and headache
E. A Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol, decreased seizure threshold, peripheral neuropathy, increased risk of cancer especially in Crohn’s patients.
Tendon rupture, photosensitivity, CDAD, creating resistant bacterial species, nightmares, tachycardia, and peripheral neuropathies.
Retinoids taken systemically are associated with __?__
A. Hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients
B. MAOI activity.
C. Discoloration of urine
D. Teratogenicity
E. Impotence
Teratogenicity
Sulfonamides are associated with __?__
A. Allergic reactions, hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients, acute renal failure, and rash.
B. Heparin-like anticoagulant activity.
C. MAOI activity
D. Peripheral neuropathies, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, liver dysfunction, hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients and GI upset.
E. Orange discoloration of urine, GI upset, headache and allergic reactions.
Allergic reactions, hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient patients, acute renal failure, and rash.
Sulfonamides will increase prothrombin time in combo with: A. TCAs B. Other antibiotics C. Digoxin D. Thiazide diuretics E. Warfarin
Warfarin
The 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are associated with __?__
A. Impotence and hypotension
B. Peripheral neuropathies
C. Discoloration of urine, GI upset, and allergic reactions
D. Constipation, confusion, headache, dry mouth & eyes.
E. MAOI activity.
Impotence and hypotension
The alpha 1 blockers for BPH are associated with __?__
A. MAOI activity.
B. Acute renal failure
C. Hypotension and priapism.
D. Teratogenicity
E. Constipation, confusion, headache, dry mouth & eyes.
Hypotension and priapism.
The efficacy of TCAs is reduced by: A. Nitrofurantoin B. Phenazopyridine C. Doxazosin D. Tamsulosin E. Sulfonamides
Sulfonamides
The plasmid is a ring of \_\_?\_\_ that carries genes coding for \_\_?\_\_ A. DNA/drug resistance B. mRNA/proteins C. tRNA/DNA D. DNA/viruses E. RNA/mRNA
DNA/drug resistance
The risk of tendon rupture (boxed warning) is increased when Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is given to a patient already taking __?__.
A. All the listed drugs increase the risk of tendon rupture with Cipro
B. Theophylline
C. Doxycycline
D. NSAIDs
E. Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids
The systemically administered retinoids are associated with __?__
A. Constipation, headache
B. Dry skin and mucous membranes, benign intracranial hypertension and psychiatric events.
C. MAOI activity.
D. Impotence
E. Heparin-like anticoagulant activity.
Dry skin and mucous membranes, benign intracranial hypertension and psychiatric events.
Thrombocytopenia is a serious potential side effect of mixing: A. Phenazopyridine and cephalexin B. Methylene blue and atropine C. Isotretinoin and Adapalene D. Sulfonamides and thiazide diuretics E. Finasteride and Doxazosin
Sulfonamides and thiazide diuretics
What simple strategy can increase the bioavailability of nitrofurantoin by almost 50%? A. Take with a magnesium supplement B. Take with water C. Take on an empty stomach D. Take with food E. Take with an antacid
Take with food
Which of the following are dyes?
A. Pentosan polysulfate and Istoretinoin
B. Isotretinoin and Nitrofurantoin
C. Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole
D. Methylene blue and Pentosan polysulfate
E. Phenazopyridine and Methylene blue
Phenazopyridine and Methylene blue
Which of the following classes is considered to be the most “broad spectrum” of the antibiotics listed? A. Tetracyclines B. Penicillins C. Aminoglycosides D. Isoniazid E. Macrolides
Tetracyclines
Which of the following is an alpha 1 blocker that has indications for BPH and HT? A. Solifenacin B. Methylene blue C. Doxazosin D. Tamsulosin E. Finasteride
Doxazosin
Which of the following is an antispasmodic? A. VesiCare B. Cardura C. Elmiron D. Macrobid E. Flomax
VesiCare
Which of the following is only indicated for UTI? A. Nitrofurantoin B. Doxazosin C. Trimethoprim D. Isotretinoin E. Adapalene
Nitrofurantoin
Which of the following is used to relieve the terrible burning sensation and urgency associated with a UTI? A. Doxazosin B. Adapalene C. Solifenacin D. Phenazopyridine E. Pentosan Polysulfate
Phenazopyridine
Which of the following is used to treat BPH? A. Adapalene B. Trimethoprim C. Ciprofloxacin D. Tamsulosin E. Isotretinoin
Tamsulosin
Women taking \_\_?\_\_ must agree to the constraints of the iPLEDGE program which requires the use of birth control while taking this drug. A. Isotretinoin B. Finasteride C. Amoxicillin D. Nitrofurantoin E. Trimethoprim
Isotretinoin
Probenecid may be given along with nitrofurantoin to:
A. Decrease the metabolism of nitrofurantoin
B. Increase the metabolism of nitrofurantoin
C. Decrease the excretion of nitrofurantoin
D. Increase the absorption of nitrofurantoin
E. Increase the excretion of nitrofurantoin
Decrease the excretion of nitrofurantoin
Solifenacin (VesiCare) treats incontinence because it is acting as: A. A beta blocker B. An anticholinergic antispasmodic C. An anti-androgen agent D. An alpha 1 blocker E. A retinoid
An anticholinergic antispasmodic
Which of the following is indicated to treat severe recalcitrant nodular acne, in both men and women, but only women have to sign an iPLEDGE agreement? A. Adapalene B. Phenazopyridine C. Finasteride D. Isotretinoin E. Sulfonamides
Isotretinoin
