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Pharmacology > (12) Endo 1 SLO > Flashcards

(12) Endo 1 SLO Flashcards

1
Q

“ACHES” is a mnemonic that is useful for remembering the possible adverse side effects of oral birth control pills that should be reported. “ACHES” represents:
A. (A) acne, (C) coughing, (H) headache, (E) exopthalmos and (S) swelling.
B. (A) aches, (C) constant tremors, (H) hard of hearing, (E) eye or vision problems and (S) smelly odors.
C. (A) angina, (C) constipation, (H) headache, (E) early period (S) sweating.
D. (A) aspiration, (C) chest pain, (H) hair loss, (E) eye or vision problems and (S) sweating.
E. (A) abdominal pain, (C) chest pain, (H) headache, (E) eye or vision problems and (S) swelling.

A

(A) abdominal pain, (C) chest pain, (H) headache, (E) eye or vision problems and (S) swelling.

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2
Q 
A middle-aged woman has been taking dexamethasone for rheumatoid arthritis but was unable to take her medication for several days after catching the Norwalk Virus (an intestinal virus) while on a harbor dinner cruise.  She is admitted into the emergency department, presenting with a fever, lethargy, hypotension, severe nausea and vomiting.  What drug does the nurse anticipate will be given to this woman?
A. 	Ketoconazole
B. 	Vasopressin
C. 	Dexamethasone
D. 	Leuprolide
E. 	Fludrocortisone
A

Dexamethasone

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3
Q

Alendronate (Fosamax) is a bisphosphonate that works by inhibiting:
A. Bone “breaking” cells called osteoclast
B. The hypothalamus
C. Bone building cells called osteoblasts
D. The pituitary
E. White blood cells called macrophages

A

Bone “breaking” cells called osteoclast

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4
Q 
Alendronate (Fosamax) is indicated to treat  \_\_?\_\_.
A. 	Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
B. 	Parathyroid dysfunction
C. 	Pituitary dysfunction
D. 	Thyroid dysfunction
E. 	Osteoporosis and Paget’s disease
A

Osteoporosis and Paget’s disease

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5
Q 
Bromocriptine (Parlodel, Cycloset) is an ergot alkaloid that is a \_\_?\_\_
A. 	Serotonin reuptake inhibitor
B. 	Corticosteroid
C. 	Birth control pill
D. 	Dopamine agonist
E. 	Hormone
A

Dopamine agonist

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6
Q 
Calcitonin (Miacalcin, Fortical) is indicated for \_\_?_
A. 	Diabetes
B. 	Pituitary dysfunction
C. 	Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
D. 	Parathyroid dysfunction
E. 	Osteoporosis and Paget’s disease
A

Osteoporosis and Paget’s disease

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7
Q 
Calcitonin (Miacalcin, Fortical) mimics a naturally occurring:
A.     Adrenal cortex hormone
B. 	Posterior pituitary hormone
C. 	Thyroid hormone
D. 	Anterior pituitary hormone
E. 	Parathyroid gland hormone
A

Thyroid hormone

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8
Q

Coffee (caffeine) and OJ should not be given with alendronate. Why not?
A. They increase the absorption of alendronate, making it toxic
B. They inhibit metabolism of alendronate
C. They cause diarrhea
D. They induce P450s
E. They may decrease absorption by as much as 60%

A

They may decrease absorption by as much as 60%

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9
Q 
Dexamethasone and prednisone are synthetic \_\_?\_\_ with many anti inflammatory indications.
A. 	Pituitary hormones
B. 	Glucocorticoids
C. 	Androgens
D. 	Thyroid hormones
E. 	Mineralocorticoids
A

Glucocorticoids

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10
Q 
Dexamethasone mimics a naturally occurring:
A. 	Thyroid hormone
B. 	 Adrenal cortex hormone
C. 	 Posterior pituitary hormone
D. 	Pineal gland hormone
E. 	 Anterior pituitary hormone
A

Adrenal cortex hormone

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11
Q

Drospirenone containing birth control pills should not be taken with any drug that increases K+ levels. Which of these drugs may increase potassium levels?
A. NSAIDs
B. Heparin
C. ACEI and Aldosterone antagonists
D. K sparing diuretics like spironolactone
E. All the above

A

All the above

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12
Q 
Ethinyl estradiol + norethindrone (Loestrin) mimic naturally occurring steroid hormones that have as their target:
A. 	Nuclear receptors
B. 	ABC pumps like p-glycoprotein
C. 	Ligand gated ion channels
D. 	G-protein coupled receptors
E. 	Voltage gated ion channels
A

Nuclear receptors

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13
Q 
Fludrocortisone (Florinef) is an Aldosterone replacement making it a synthetic \_\_?\_\_.
A. 	Mineralocorticoid
B. 	Glucocorticoid
C. 	Pituitary hormone
D. 	Androgen
E. 	Thyroid hormone
A

Mineralocorticoid

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14
Q

Leuprolide (Lupron) is a super GnRH analog, which means it acts to regulate levels of:
A. TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
B. LH/FSH (Leutinizing and follicle stimulating hormones)
C. ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
D. hGH (human growth hormone)
E. ACTH (Adrenocortical Trophic hormone)

A

LH/FSH (Leutinizing and follicle stimulating hormones)

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15
Q 
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) mimics a:
A. 	Adrenal cortex hormone
B. 	Thyroid hormone
C. 	Pineal gland hormone
D. 	Anterior pituitary hormone
E. 	Posterior pituitary hormone
A

Thyroid hormone

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16
Q 
Melatonin is indicated to treat:
A. 	Jet-lag–related insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep disorders in the blind
B. 	Excessively pale skin
C. 	Depression
D. 	Precocious puberty
E. 	Anxiety disorders
A

Jet-lag–related insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep disorders in the blind

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17
Q 
Melatonin replaces a naturally occurring: 
A. 	Thyroid hormone
B. 	Pineal gland hormone
C. 	Adrenal cortex hormone
D. 	Posterior pituitary hormone
E. 	Anterior pituitary hormone
A

Pineal gland hormone

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18
Q

Monique is caring for a patient taking levothyroxine (Synthroid) who is complaining of feeling nervous and of occasional palpitations and tremors. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms may be consistent with __?__.
A. Symptoms indicating the patient has developed diabetes mellitus and needs further evaluation.
B. Symptoms of euthyroidism which means the dosage is at the appropriate therapeutic level.
C. Symptoms of SIADH which means the patient is having problems with their kidneys.
D. Symptoms of hypothyroidism which means the dosage may need to be increased.
E. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism which means the dosage may need to be decreased.

A

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism which means the dosage may need to be decreased.

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19
Q

Oxandrolone (Oxandrin) is a C-III anabolic steroid indicated for __?__.
A. Weight gain in debilitated patients due to disease, surgery or trauma
B. Weight gain in patients without a clear pathophysiological reason for weight loss
C. To offset the protein catabolism associated with chronic corticosteroid use
D. To treat the bone pain associated with osteoporosis
E. All the above

A

All the above

20
Q 
Oxandrolone (Oxandrin) is a controlled drug (C-III) and an anabolic steroid, which means it targets:
A. 	ABC pumps like p-glycoprotein
B. 	Voltage gated ion channels
C. 	Ligand gated ion channels
D. 	Nuclear receptors
E. 	G-protein coupled receptors
A

Nuclear receptors

21
Q 
Prednisone (Deltasone) mimics a naturally occurring:
A. 	Thyroid hormone
B. 	Posterior pituitary hormone
C. 	Pineal gland hormone
D. 	Adrenal cortex hormone
E. 	Anterior pituitary hormone
A

Adrenal cortex hormone

22
Q 
Propylthiouracil (PTU) and K-iodide solution are used to protect the \_\_?\_\_.
A. 	Pituitary gland
B. 	Hypothalamus
C. 	Thyroid gland
D. 	Pancreas
E. 	Adrenal gland
A

Thyroid gland

23
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra, Revatio) is indicated for __?__.
A. Orthostatic hypotension
B. Thyroid dysfuntion
C. Erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
D. Angina
E. To add lean muscle mass

A

Erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)

24
Q 
Sildenafil (Viagra, Revatio) ultimately causes nitric oxide (NO) to be released by endothelial cells leading to vasodilation.  It does this by inhibiting:
A. 	Osteoclasts
B. 	LOX (lipoxygenase)
C. 	AChE (Acetyl Cholinestrase)
D. 	COX (cycloxygenase)
E. 	5-PDE (Phosphodiesterase)
A

5-PDE (Phosphodiesterase)

25
Q

Somatropin (Nutropin) is a synthetic replacement for__?__.
A. LH/FSH (Leutinizing and follicle stimulating hormones)
B. hGH (human growth hormone)
C. ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
D. ACTH (Adrenocortical Trophic hormone)
E. TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

A

hGH (human growth hormone)

26
Q 
Testosterone (Duratest) is a controlled drug (C-III ) and is a replacement for naturally occurring steroid hormones in males that have as a target:
A. 	G-protein coupled receptors
B. 	Nuclear receptors
C. 	 Ligand gated ion channels
D. 	ABC pumps like p-glycoprotein
E. 	Voltage gated ion channels
A

Nuclear receptors

27
Q 
Testosterone (Duratest) is scheduled C-III androgen indicated for  \_\_?\_\_.
A. 	Virilization in kids
B. 	Birth control
C. 	Hypogonadism in females
D. 	Hypogonadism in males
E. 	Diabetes insipidus
A

Hypogonadism in males

28
Q 
The combination drugs Ethinyl estradiol with norethindrone (Loestrin) , and Ethinyl estradiol with drospironone (Yazmin, Yaz) are indicated for \_\_?\_\_.
A. 	Birth control
B. 	Thyroid dysfunction
C. 	Growth failure
D. 	Erectile dysfunction
E. 	 Weight gain
A

Birth control

29
Q 
The combination of Ethinyl estradiol & drospironone (Yazmin, Yaz) mimic naturally occurring steroid hormones that have as their target:
A. 	Voltage gated ion channels
B. 	ABC pumps like p-glycoprotein
C. 	 G-protein coupled receptors
D. 	Ligand gated ion channels
E. 	Nuclear receptors
A

Nuclear receptors

30
Q

The nurse is providing education to a client on how to take levothyroxine (Synthroid) for their Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (a form of hypothyroidism). Which of the following would you expect to be a part of that teaching?
A. Take the pill in the afternoon with a high-fiber snack to prevent stomach upset.
B. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables such as papaya and zucchini to aid absorption.
C. Take the dose just before going to bed to avoid the effects of orthostatic hypotension.
D. If you have diarrhea, skip a dose because it won’t be absorbed anyway.
E. Take the dose in the morning at least 15 minutes before breakfast, as close to the same time each day as possible.

A

Take the dose in the morning at least 15 minutes before breakfast, as close to the same time each day as possible.

31
Q

Vasopressin replaces a naturally occurring pituitary hormone:
A. LH/FSH (Leutinizing and follicle stimulating hormones)
B. hGH (human growth hormone)
C. ACTH (Adrenocortical Trophic hormone)
D. ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
E. TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

A

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

32
Q

What is Bromocriptine (Parlodel) , an ergot alkaloid DA agonist, indicated for?
A. Prostate cancer
B. Acromegaly, PD, hyperprolactinemia (Cycloset for DMT2)
C. Thyroid dysfunction
D. Diabetes insipidus
E. Growth failure

A

Acromegaly, PD, hyperprolactinemia (Cycloset for DMT2)

33
Q 
What is Leuprolide (Lupron), a super GnRH analog, indicated for?
A. 	Prostate cancer
B. 	Growth failure
C. 	Diabetes insipidus
D. 	Thyroid dysfunction
E. 	Acromegaly
A

Prostate cancer

34
Q 
What is Somatropin (Nutropin), a synthetic hGH replacement, indicated for?
A. 	Prostate cancer
B. 	Thyroid dysfunction
C. 	Diabetes insipidus
D. 	Growth failure
E. 	Acromegaly
A

Growth failure

35
Q

What is the difference between diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus?
A. DI is characterized by a lack of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
B. DM is characterized by a lack of ADH
C. DI is characterized by a lack of blood glucose
D. DI is characterized by a lack of insulin
E. DI is the autoimmune form of DM

A

DI is characterized by a lack of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

36
Q

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?
A. Endocrine glands are in the pancreas, exocrine are not
B. Endocrine glands are ductless, exocrine have ducts
C. Endocrine glands secrete hormones, exocrine secrete autocoids
D. Endocrine glands are ducted, exocrine are ductless
E. Endocrine glands are sebaceous, exocrine are not

A

Endocrine glands are ductless, exocrine have ducts

37
Q

What is Vasopressin or ADH indicated for?
A. Diabetes insipidus
B. To prevent GI gas build up post-op
C. To dispel gas from GI for radiography
D. A & B
E. A, B & C

A

A, B & C

38
Q 
Which of the following is associated with hypercalcemia in patients who are sedentary or bedridden?
A. 	Ethinyl estradiol
B. 	Birth control pills
C. 	Testosterone
D. 	Norethindrone
E. 	Drospirenone
A

Testosterone

39
Q 
Which of the following is associated with liver cancer and or peliosis (peliosis hepatitis – random, blood-filled cysts form in the liver parenchyma)?
A. 	Drospirenone
B. 	Ethinyl estradiol
C. 	Alendronate
D. 	Levothyroxine
E. 	Testosterone
A

Testosterone

40
Q 
Which of the following is pregnancy category X?
A. 	Levothyroxine
B. 	Leuprolide
C. 	Melatonin
D. 	Somatropin
E. 	Bromocriptine
A

Leuprolide

41
Q 
Which of the following should not be used in patients with liver/kidney disease due to a risk of excess potassium retention?
A. 	Levothyroxine
B. 	Alendronate
C. 	Ethinyl estradiol
D. 	Testosterone
E. 	Drospirenone
A

Drospirenone

42
Q 
Why is it recommended that the patient taking levothyroxine not consume any food, other drugs, vitamins etc. w/in 30 minutes of taking levothyroxine?
A. 	Interference with absorption
B. 	Interference with excretion
C. 	Induction of metabolism
D. 	Interference with metabolism
E. 	Enhanced absorption
A

Interference with absorption

43
Q 
Why shouldn’t patients taking Sildenafil take any form of a nitrate?
A. 	P450 inhibition
B. 	Increased risk of ulcers
C. 	Profound hypotension
D. 	Severe hypertension
E. 	P450 induction
A

Profound hypotension

44
Q 
Fludrocortisone (Florinef) mimics a naturally occurring:
A. 	Adrenal cortex hormone
B. 	Anterior pituitary hormone
C. 	Posterior pituitary hormone
D. 	Thyroid hormone
E. 	 Pineal gland hormone
A

Adrenal cortex hormone

45
Q

Which of the following is a criteria for a patient taking a bisphosphonate like Alendronate? The patient must be:
A. Bedridden
B. Able to consume orange juice with the tablet
C. Able to sit/stand for 30 minutes after drug administration
D. An elderly woman
E. Able to understand instructions

A

Able to sit/stand for 30 minutes after drug administration.

Pharmacology (30 decks)

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