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Social Studies > 8th grade ch 24: WW2 > Flashcards

8th grade ch 24: WW2 Flashcards

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1
Q

josef stalin2

A
  • sole dictator of soviet union, turned soviet union into totalitarian state
  • punished many peasants and rivals
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2
Q

totalitarian state

A

nation in which a single party controls the government and every aspect of people’s lives

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3
Q

benito mussolini3

A
  • promised to restore prosperity and order through strong leadership
  • turned italy into world’s first fascist state
  • ended freedom of press, banned all political parties except his own
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4
Q

facism

A

political system based on militarism, extreme nationalism, and blind loyalty to the state and its leader

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5
Q

adolf hitler

A
  • leader of national socialist, or Nazi party (form of fascism)
  • created totalitarian state and passed anti jew laws
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6
Q

nazi beliefs3

A
  • angry at loss of ww1
  • germans were master race
  • anti-semitism (anti-jewish)
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7
Q

militarism in japan2

A
  • militarists said that japan needed more space and should take control of nearby countries
  • said were superior to other asians and non asians
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8
Q

aggression

A

warlike act by one country against another without cause

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9
Q

japan attacks china3

A
  • 1931: japanese army seized manchuria in china without approval from government
  • league of nations protested but did nothing
  • treated chinese brutally
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10
Q

italy invades ethiopia2

A
  • 1935: mussolini invades ethiopia

- league of nations barely helped

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11
Q

hitlers actions3

A
  • threatened to invade czechoslovakia (france and brit wanted to appease him)
  • was allowed to occupy part of czechoslovakia, responded by saying that he would seek no more land
  • later, occupied rest of czechoslovakia
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12
Q

neutrality act

A

1935: forbade US president from selling arms, making loans, or giving any other kind of assistance to any nation involved in war to keep US at peace

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13
Q

good neighbor policy

A

franklin roosevelt: withdrew american troops from Nicaragua and haiti and canceled limited independence from cuba

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14
Q

invasion of poland4

A
  • 1939: hitler and stalin (enemies) signed nonaggression agreement in nazi-soviet pact (secretly agreeing to divide up poland)
  • sept 1: nazi troops invaded poland, soviet union seized east poland and finland
  • brit and france declared war on germany (start of ww2)
  • hitler then moved to seize denmark, norway, luxembourg, and belgium
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15
Q

fall of france

A

germans forced french to retreat to french port on english cannel, france surrendered june 22, 1940

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16
Q

winston churchill

A

british prime minister expressed confidence against hitler

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17
Q

battle of britain2

A
  • hitler ordered air assault on britain

- british air force fought back until hitler gave up

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18
Q

invasion of soviet union3

A
  • june 22, 1941: hitler broke pact with stalin
  • crossed to soviet union who was now fighting against germans
  • stalin and churchill tried to work together although not friends
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19
Q

lend-lease act

A

allowed US to lend or lease supplies to britain and other nations fighting the Nazis

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20
Q

military buildup3

A
  • spent more on army and navy
  • first peacetime draft
  • first black air corps under command of black officers
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21
Q

atlantic charter3

A
  • 1941: between roosevelt and churchill
  • agreed their nations would seek to territorial gain from war
  • called for new league of nations
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22
Q

lead up to pearl harbor3

A
  • japan invaded french colony of indochina
  • roosevelt banned exports of iron and steel to japan
  • made japan angry at US
23
Q

pearl harbor2

A
  • dec 7, 1941: japanese bombs attacked american naval, air, and ground forces at pearl harbor in oahu, Hawaii
  • US declared war on japan, germany and italy declared war on US
24
Q

axis powers

A

germany italy japan

25
Q

allied powers

A

britain france soviet union china US

26
Q

total war

A

conflict involving not just armies but entire nations

27
Q

tide turning battles4

A
  • sovets halt germans advance into moscow
  • soviet victory at stalingrad
  • brit and US defeat germany in north africa
28
Q

philippines fall

A
  • japan bombed philippines right after pearl harbor
  • two weeks later, japanese invaded philippines
  • filipino-american force fought back but surrendered
29
Q

douglas macarthur

A

commander of filipino-america force

30
Q

dwight d eiserhower

A

comander of US force in north africa

31
Q

bataan death march

A

american and filipino prisoners after surrender at bataan, had to walk to prison camp and many died

32
Q

battle of coral sea3

A
  • US vs Japan
  • new technique: attack without seeing opposing ships
  • US won
33
Q

battle of midway3

A
  • US vs Japan
  • US won
  • made japan no longer rule the pacific
34
Q

war production board3

A
  • supervised change from production of consumer to military goods
  • decreased unemployment
  • ended great depression
35
Q

rationing

A

setting limits on the amount of scarce goods people can buy

36
Q

paying for the war3

A
  • war bonds
  • rationing
  • victory gardens
37
Q

women in industry3

A
  • took over jobs of men who went to war
  • given better pay and working conditions
  • new confidence
38
Q

intern

A

temporarily imprison

39
Q

executive order 9066

A

intern japanese americans for the duration of the war

40
Q

african americans2

A
  • National association of colored graduate nurses protested against racial policy of armed forces
  • discrimination in workplace and businesses
41
Q

a philip randolph3

A
  • threatened a mass protest unless roosevelt ended discrimination in the armed forces
  • roosevelt then ordered employers to support racial hiring
  • set up fair employment practices committee to investigate charges of discrimination
42
Q

braceros

A

mexican laborers

43
Q

zoot suit riots

A

riots for racism against mexican americans

44
Q

italy surrender2

A
  • 1943: US and brit fought north up italian peninsula

- mussolini was dismissed, new government surrendered

45
Q

d-day4

A
  • june 6, 1944: US, brit, and canada troops landed at 5 beaches in normandy (west france)
  • 4 of the beaches defeated germans quickly
  • omaha beach: lots of allies died
  • still, allies were able to enter paris and take from germans
46
Q

battle of bulge2

A
  • germans attacked US in belgium
  • bad weather allowed germans to create bulge in US lines
  • germans were close to breaking US lines but US held out and won
47
Q

germany invaded2

A
  • jan 1945: soviets enter germany from east and west allies entered from the west
  • roosevelt then died from stroke, replaced by harry s truman
48
Q

victory in europe3

A
  • germany collapsing, assault on berlin
  • hitler commits suiside
  • may 8: V-E Day, Victory in Europe: german surrender
49
Q

island hopping4

A
  • american forces capture some japanese-held islands and go around others
  • US on Guadalcanal: fought hunger and disease until they controlled the island
  • navajo used own language to radio messages from island to island
  • used island hopping to take back the philippines
50
Q

kamikaze missions2

A
  • suicide pilots crashed their planes into american ships

- japanese would rather die than be captured

51
Q

atomic bomb end of war3

A
  • truman decided to use atomic bomb rather than invade to save american casualties
  • aug 6-9: killed many people in hiroshima and nagasaki
  • aug 14, 1945: V-J Day- japanese surrender, end of ww2
52
Q

genocide

A

deliberate attempt to wipe out an entire nation or group of people

53
Q

war crimes

A

wartime act of cruelty and brutality that are judged to be beyond the accepted rules of war

Social Studies (19 decks)

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