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Social Studies > 7th Grade Ch 3- Colonies take root > Flashcards

7th Grade Ch 3- Colonies take root Flashcards

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1
Q

talk about roanoke

A
  • 1580s
  • first english effort to make colony
  • north carolina
  • first time- abandoned after a year
  • second time- england was at war with spain so no ship visited for two years, when discovered, everybody disappeared
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2
Q

talk about jamestown on first year

A
  • established by wealthy english hoping to find gold
  • was granted a charter to set up colony
  • bad stuff on first year: located on swamp and had diseases and bugs, nobody knew how to farm
  • relied on natives for food
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3
Q

charter

A

document issued by government that grants specific rights to a person/company

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4
Q

john smith

A

took over jamestown and made it thrive

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5
Q

starving time

A

1609- john smith went back to england and jamestown starved because relations with natives were bad, many people died

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6
Q

how does jametown prosper after starving time

A

tobacco! their success drew colonists from england and soon formed civilization

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7
Q

house of burgesses

A

established after james town started doing well, first form of representative government in america, established laws and taxes

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8
Q

representative government

A

form of government where voters elect people to make laws for them

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9
Q

slaves in virginia

A

after james town started doing well, africans came and were sold as slaves but were able to earn their freedom

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10
Q

pilgrim

A

person who takes a religious journey

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11
Q

why was plymouth founded

A

to separate from the church of england, called separatists

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12
Q

mayflower compact

A

first document where colonists claimed right to govern themselves in england

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13
Q

thanksgiving

A

when the pilgrims and natives sat together to celebrate a good year in america

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14
Q

name first 3 english settlements

A

roanoke, jamestown, plymouth

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15
Q

geography of new england

A

hills, forests, bad soil, short summers

good: less dieases
bad: no farming, so they fished

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16
Q

who were puritans

A

people who wanted to reform church of england but not separate from it, left england led by john winthrop and established boston in the massachusetts bay colony

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17
Q

boston was found so people could worship..

A

as they choose but they had to be puritan. did not believe in religious toleration

18
Q

toleration

A

recognition that other people have the right to different opinions

19
Q

name the four people who disagreed with puritans

A

roger williams- believed puritans should split entirely with church of england, moved and founded rhode island and decided that it had no official religion

anne hutchinson- questioned puritan teachings, established more settlements in rhode island and moved into new york state

thomas hooker- disagreed with puritan leaders, founded connecticut, several puritans followed

john wheelright- agreed with anne, founded new hamshire

20
Q

how did puritans govern themselves

A

set up town meetings-assembly of townspeople that decides local issues

21
Q

who was metacom (king philip)

A

native american that wanted to stop puritan expansion, destroyed many towns but still died, left colonies free to expand

22
Q

how did puritan teachings grow out

A

people started to focus on businesses and farming and forgot about religion

23
Q

name the new england colonies

A

Massachusetts, new hamshire, connecticut, rhode island,

24
Q

geography of middle colonies

A

lowland, easy climate, fertile soil

grew many crops: wheat, fruit , veggies

25
Q

explain new york

A
  • originally dutch colony: new netherland
  • english wanted it to connect middle/new eng. colonies
  • sent ships over and renamed colony new york
  • capital: new amsterdam, became new york city
26
Q

new jersey

A
  • split off from new york

- first a proprietary colony but then became royal colony

27
Q

proprietary colony

A

colony created by a grant of land from a monarch to an individual or family

28
Q

royal colony

A

colony controlled directly by the english king

29
Q

quakers

A

believed all people had a direct link to god, leader: william penn, established pennsylvania

30
Q

holy expirament

A

philadelphia was a holy experiment because it attracted settlers from all over the world by advertising in different languages, goal: create colony in which people from different religions could live peacefully

31
Q

delaware

A

first settlers: sweden
dutch took control but lost to english with new york
part of pennsylvania
soon broke away

32
Q

breadbasket

A

grew lots of wheat in mid. colonies

33
Q

backcountry

A

frontier region extending through several colonies from penn. to geor., many people who settled there were poorer and had to fight natives

34
Q

name middle colonies

A

new york, new jersey, delaware, pennsylvania

35
Q

geography of southern colonies

A

coastal area: tidewater

hot! great for plantations

36
Q

conflicts with natives in virginia

A

fought for land to plant tobacco
bacons rebellion: part of poor colonists looking for more land in backcountry, tried to fight natives but governor resisted, did it anyway and was considered a rebel

37
Q

maryland

A

established to be safe for catholics but soon passed act of toleration that welcomed all christians

38
Q

carolina

A

northern part: developed slowly
southern part: grew quickly
main crop: rice
as more slaves came, had to split into two colonies

39
Q

georgia

A

founded for two reasons: land for debtors (led by james oglethorpe) , and to cut off spanish expansion north
slavery was banned at first but soon reversed

40
Q

name southern colonies

A

virginia, carolina (north/south), georgia, maryland

Social Studies (19 decks)

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