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Social Studies > 8th grade ch 21-WW1 > Flashcards

8th grade ch 21-WW1 Flashcards

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1
Q

imperialism

A

european nations competed for trade and territory in africa, asia, and the pacific

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2
Q

militarism2

A
  • glorification of the military

- caused because nations wanted self-protection

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3
Q

nationalsim

A

pride in one’s nation or ethnic group, boosted tensions

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4
Q

balkans and serbians2

A
  • wanted to break free from austria-hungary, russia encouraged them
  • compared to a powder keg, could easily provoke war
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5
Q

start of war

A
  • june 28, 1914: serbains assassinated heir to austro-hungarian throne
  • next day: A-H declared war on serbia
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6
Q

Allies

A

britian, france, and russia

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7
Q

central powers

A

germany, A-H, ottoman empire

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8
Q

first battle of the marne3

A
  • german forces came within 30mi of paris
  • french and british troops halted german advance at western front
  • became a stalemate
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9
Q

western front2

A
  • where french and british troops halted german advance near paris
  • trench warfare
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10
Q

stalemate

A

deadlock

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11
Q

trench warfare

A

soldiers fire on one another from opposing lines of dugout trenches

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12
Q

no mans land

A

unoccupied territory between the lines

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13
Q

new technology

A

airplanes, tanks, machine guns, heavy artillery, poison gas

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14
Q

american thoughts4

A
  • us pres woodrow wilson wanted to keep us out of the war
  • german and irish americans supported central powers
  • slavic and italian americans supported allies
  • britain used propaganda to win US support
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15
Q

propaganda

A

spread of info designed to win support for a cause

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16
Q

US helps allies3

A
  • most american trade and loans was with the Allies
  • britain made blockade around german ports
  • us made britain buy more american cotton to make up for lost sales to germany
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17
Q

german navy3

A
  • germany’s navy was not big enough to enforce a blockade on britain and france
  • germans had large supply of u-boats, submarines
  • Feb 1915: germany announced it would use u-boats to blockade britain
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18
Q

the lusitania3

A
  • british passenger liner, sank from a uboat,
  • lots of brit and US deaths, made US angry
  • germany feared that more attacks would make US declare war, so said u-boats would stop targeting passenger liners
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19
Q

zimmermann telegram3

A

-feb 24 1916: britain intercepted german telegram that proposed that mexico join war on
geman side
-then, u-boats sank 3 more american ships
-made america think about war

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20
Q

russian revolution 4

A
  • march 1917: military defeats and food shortages led to uprising in russia
  • tsar nicholas II (monarch of russia, bad) was overthrown
  • new government kept russia in war
  • made it easier to for us to enter the war, joining with allies would not be siding with a tyrant
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21
Q

declaring war

A

april 2 1917: wilson asked congress to declare war on central powers

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22
Q

mobilize

A

prepare for war

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23
Q

selective service act

A

required all young men between 21-30 to register for the draft

24
Q

progressive era

A

time when women were really into volunteering

25
Q

womens peace party

A

1915, founded by jane addams, against war, spoke for peace

26
Q

jeannette rankin

A

first woman elected to congress

27
Q

carrie chapman catt

A

urged women to support the war effort

28
Q

blacks in army3

A
  • faced discrimination in the military, placed in all black units
  • did noncombat duties (working in kitchens)
  • some fought under french command
29
Q

illiterate

A

unable to read or write

30
Q

herbert hoover3

A
  • head of new US food administration
  • assured adequate food supplies for civilians and troops
  • to conserve food: wheatless mondays and meatless tuesdays
31
Q

War industries board2

A
  • oversees the shift to war production

- told industries what to produce, charge and how to use scarce resources

32
Q

committee on public information

A
  • propaganda tool
  • the four minute men
  • encouraged people to buy liberty bonds to help finance the war
33
Q

Four minute men

A

delivered brief patriotic speeches and made pro war posters

34
Q

espionage act of 1917 and sedition act of 1918

A

authorities closed newspapers and jailed people who expressed anti war views

35
Q

eugene v debs

A

presidential candidate for socialist party, jailed for giving anti war speeches

36
Q

american protective league

A

encouraged people to spy on their neighbors, opened mail, tapped phones, pried into medical records

37
Q

convoy

A

large group of merchant vessels sailing together

38
Q

john j pershing4

A
  • commanded the american expeditionary force
  • insisted that soldiers fight in separate units under U.S. command
  • when they arrived in europe, not ready for combat
  • first division symbolized american commitment to fight
39
Q

vladimir lenin

A

leader of bolsheviks, wanted to make russia communist

40
Q

bolsheviks

A

radical faction that seized the russian government

41
Q

communism

A

economic and political system based on the idea that social classes and the right to private property should be eliminated

42
Q

treaty of Brest-Litovsk

A

russia+germany: pulled russia our of war, setback for allies

43
Q

second battle of marne:

A

germans had to retreat again after striking, tide turns

44
Q

battle of the argonne forest3

A
  • germany was losing will to fight
  • sept 1918: allies pushed towards german lines
  • allies won
45
Q

armistice

A

halt in fighting that allows peace talks to begin

46
Q

war ends3

A
  • november 11, 1918
  • france and britain want harsh punishment for germany
  • german monarch flees, germany becomes a republic
47
Q

fourteen points plan6

A
  • made by pres wilson
  • pts 1-5:factors that led to war
  • pts6-13:territorial issues
  • pt 14: set up association of nations for peace
  • big hit in peace conference
  • peace without victory
48
Q

self determination

A

right of a group to decide its own form of government

49
Q

big four2

A
  • US, France, Britain, and Italy

- F, B, and I wanted to punish Germany more than US did

50
Q

treaty of versailles4

A
  • took away territory on german borders
  • forced germany to accept full responsibility for war and had to pay for reparations
  • called for leagye of nations to settle future disputes peacefully
  • Wilson thought it was too harsh, but went along
51
Q

henry cabot lodge2

A
  • republican, opposed treaty of versailles

- didn’t want us to join league of nations

52
Q

wilsons last battle4

A
  • wilson went on national tour to raise support for his position
  • oct 2: suffered from stroke and paralyzed
  • continued to reject all compromise on the treaty
  • nov 1919: senate voted to reject the treaty
53
Q

bad things after the war3

A
  • influenza
  • labor unrest (workers on strike)
  • red scare
54
Q

red scare2

A
  • fear of communist revolution

- many americans feared all communists/reds were behind the labor unrest

55
Q

deported

A

returned to their home countries

56
Q

palmer raids

A

general A Mitchell Palmer ordered immigrants suspected with radical views to be deported

57
Q

timeline ww1–>9

A
  • serbian nationalist assassinated (war starts, US-neutral)
  • lusitania (made US mad)
  • zimmerman telegram(made US more mad)
  • russian revolution (US so mad, enters war)
  • treaty of brest-liovsk (russia out of war, bad for allies)
  • 2nd battle of marne/battle of argonne forest (turning point)
  • armistice(war ends, allies win)
  • treaty of versailles (not so harsh punishment)
  • influenza/labor unrest/red scare (still hardship in US)

Social Studies (19 decks)

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