8- Positive Incentive Theory Flashcards
How are we motivated to eat according to the positive incentive theory?
By anticipated pleasure of eating
What does positive incentive theory emphasise?
The role of external stimuli
How is our consumption influenced?
By many factors
5 key factors that influence how much we eat
Package size, size of bowl/utensils, environment, effort, social influences
Who demonstrated classical conditioning of eating in rats?
Weingarten, 1983
How was eating triggered in Weingarten’s rats even when they were well-fed?
By an external stimulus previously associated by food
Which theory is classical conditioning in eating consistent with?
Positive incentive theory but not drive reduction theory
How did rats show the buffet effect? (Rogers & Blundell)
Increased calorie intake by 84% and weight by 49% when there was a variety of food offered
What is sensory-specific satiety?
A decrease in pleasantness/consumption of a specific food after eating it to satiety
How does sensory-specific satiety drive us to have a varied diet?
Eating one food causes positive incentive value for all food to slightly decline, but declines strongly for that particular food
What do cell recordings in the orbitofrontal cortex show?
That neuron populations respond to different tastes
What is the key reward circuit?
The mesolimbic dopamine pathway
Where does the mesolimbic dopamine pathway project from?
The ventral tegmental area
2 regions that the mesolimbic dopamine pathway projects to
Nucleus accumbens and frontal cortex
Where has evidence shown there to be a dopamine release when feeding?
In nucleus accumbens
