5- Memory System Flashcards
What model was proposed in 1968?
The Atkinson-Shiffrin model
3 parts of the Atkinson-Shiffrin model
Sensory store, short term store, long term store
How is the sensory store coded?
Modality specific
What is the duration of the sensory store?
Short
What is the capacity of the short term store?
Limited
How is the short term store characterised?
We pay attention to information and can therefore remember this
What is the duration and capacity of the long term store?
Almost limitless
Can we always access the information in the long term store?
No
How do we retrieve information from the long term store?
Indirectly by first becoming available in STM
How does information go into the sensory memory?
Environmental stimuli
What information is lost from sensory memory?
Information that isn’t encoded
How is information transferred from sensory memory to STM?
Selective attention
What information is lost from STM?
Information that isn’t encoded
How is information transferred from STM to LTM?
Storage
How is information transferred from LTM to STM?
Retrieval
How is information maintained in STM?
Rehearsal
Why is information lost in LTM?
Due to retrieval failure, interference, decay
What is the main model of STM?
Baddeley’s Model (1974, 2000)
What are the 4 components of Baddeley’s model?
Central executive, episodic buffer, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad
What is the role of the episodic buffer?
Manipulates all different incoming info and gives a sense of time
What info does the phonological loop deal with?
Auditory/verbal
What info does the visuospatial sketchpad deal with?
Visual/spatial info
What is the role of the central executive?
Integrating all material
2 brain areas involved in declarative memory
Medial temporal lobe, diencephalon
Is declarative memory explicit or implicit?
Explicit
Is nondeclarative memory explicit or implicit?
Implicit
2 types of nondeclarative memory
Procedural memory and classical conditioning
Brain area associated with procedural memory
Striatum
2 types of classical conditioning
Skeletal musculature and emotional responses
Brain area involved in skeletal musculature
Cerebellum
What memories does skeletal musculature deal with?
Movement memories we don’t want to consciously think about
Brain area involved in emotional responses
Amygdala
How is emotion associated with memory?
Emotional experience will trigger a memory
How is memory supported?
By distinct systems
What is encoding?
Moving info via sensory memory to STM to LTM
What does encoding require?
Mental effort
