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PSY2013- Biological Psychology with Research Methods 2 > 1- Why do we Sleep? > Flashcards

1- Why do we Sleep? Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 7 possible effects of sleep deprivation?

A
  • Fatigue
  • Irritability
  • Poor task performance when requiring concentration
  • Memory problems
  • Hallucinations
  • Personality changes
  • Rebound sleep
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2
Q

What is rebound sleep?

A

Amount of extra sleep we have when we get to sleep after deprivation

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3
Q

What do issues coming from sleep deprivation suggest?

A

That sleep is important for our brain health

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4
Q

What is suggested by the fact that we don’t fully catch up on missed sleep?

A

Suggests that some sleep is essential and other sleep is a behavioural choice

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5
Q

What kind of drive is sleep?

A

An insistent drive needed by all animals

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6
Q

How have people tried to observe sleep function?

A

By looking at what happens when we don’t sleep

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7
Q

Why aren’t sleep deprivation studies really conducted anymore?

A

They are now considered unethical

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8
Q

Is there an antidote for sleep?

A

No

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9
Q

What does avoiding sleep create?

A

More sleepiness and more sleep onsets

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10
Q

Is body restitution dependent on sleep?

A

No

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11
Q

How was body restitution in relation to sleep investigated?

A

Creating exercise and no exercise conditions and no difference between groups was found based on psychological battery and subjective rating scales

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12
Q

Is brain restitution dependent on sleep?

A

Yes

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13
Q

What kind of sleep does more brain work create?

A

More slow-wave sleep

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14
Q

What problem does less sleep create?

A

Cognitive decline

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15
Q

What kind of damage is created from sleep deprivation?

A

Neurodevelopmental damage

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16
Q

Can someone have immunity or an antidote to sleep loss?

A

No

17
Q

What determines the amount of slow-wave sleep?

A

Length of prior wakefulness

18
Q

What kind of behaviour is sleep from an evolutionary perspective?

A

Behaviour selected for over many generations

19
Q

How is species survival enhanced by the evolution of sleep?

A

Sleep keeps animals hidden and safe

20
Q

What does Horne suggest that humans use sleep for and relaxed wakefulness for?

A

Sleep for brain repair and relaxed wakefulness for body repair

21
Q

What are the two types of sleep in Horne’s sleep theory?

A

Core sleep and optional sleep

22
Q

When does core sleep occur?

A

In the first three cycles

23
Q

What does core sleep consist mainly of?

A

Stages 3 and 4 slow wave sleep

24
Q

What is the function of core sleep?

A

Cerebral restitution

25
Q

When does optional sleep occur?

A

In the second half of sleep

26
Q

Is optional sleep made up in rebound sleep?

A

No

27
Q

Why does optional sleep occur?

A

Due to a behavioural drive to sleep

28
Q

What is optional sleep a source of?

A

Individual variability

29
Q

Is core sleep vital?

A

Yes

30
Q

Is optional sleep vital?

A

No

31
Q

How does the amount of sleep we need change as we get older?

A

Need less sleep with age

32
Q

How does REM sleep change throughout the lifespan?

A

Declines with age and then increases again

33
Q

Why do infants need lots of sleep?

A

Due to brain growth

34
Q

What can REM deprivation in infancy cause?

A

Developmental abnormalities

35
Q

What is ‘autostimulation theory’?

A

REM activates synapses

36
Q

How does sleep duration change from childhood into adolescence?

A

Reduces

37
Q

How does slow-wave and EEG sleep activity change from childhood to adolescence?

A

Slow-wave activity moves to posterior to anterior brain regions
EEG activity coherence increases

38
Q

What does the change in sleep brain activity into adolescence reflect?

A

The brain maturing and information processing

PSY2013- Biological Psychology with Research Methods 2 (37 decks)

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