8-2 and 8-3

Question 1

Election of 1876 and Compromise of 1877

Answer 1

One of the most disputed presidential elections in US history. Samuel Tilden (D) beat Rutherford B. Hayes (R) in the popular vote, and had 184 electoral votes to Hayes’ 165, with 20 votes uncounted due to problems in three states (Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina). The 20 disputed electoral votes were ultimately awarded to Hayes after a bitter legal and political battle, giving him the victory on the condition that Hayes would remove remaining federal troops from the South, marking the end of Reconstruction and the beginning of Jim Crow segregation.

Question 2

Sharecropping System

Answer 2

Dominant agricultural system in the South after the Civil War. A system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crop produced on the land. Kept tenant farmers poor and on the land.

Question 3

Scalawags

Answer 3

A derogatory term for white Southerners who supported Reconstruction following the Civil War.

Question 4

Carpetbaggers

Answer 4

A northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain economic or political advantages from the disorganized situation in southern states.

Question 5

Integration

Answer 5

The act of uniting or bringing together, especially people of different races.

Question 6

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

Answer 6

A secret organization that used terrorist tactics in an attempt to restore white supremacy in Southern states after the Civil War.

Question 7

Enforcement Acts

Answer 7

1870 and 1871 laws that made it a federal offense to interfere with a citizen’s right to vote.

Question 8

Jim Crow Laws

Answer 8

Limited rights of blacks. Literacy tests, grandfather clauses and poll taxes limited black voting rights.

Question 9

Booker T. Washington

Answer 9

African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality.

Question 10

W. E. B. Du Bois

Answer 10

Believed that African Americans should strive for full rights immediately and one of the founders of the NAACP(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People).

Question 11

Ida B. Wells

Answer 11

African-American journalist who led the fight against lynching and a founder of the NAACP(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People).

Question 12

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Answer 12

Legalized segregation in publicly owned facilities on the basis of “separate but equal.”