10-1 and 10-2

Question 1

reservation

Answer 1

Federal land set aside for Native Americans.

Question 2

Battle of Little Bighorn (1876)

Answer 2

Indian leaders Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse defeated U.S. troops under Col. Custer. His troops tried to force Native Americans back on to the reservation. Custer and all his men died.

Question 3

Wounded Knee (1890)

Answer 3

Massacre of Native Americans in the state of South Dakota. Marked the end of the Indian Wars and the close of the western frontier.

Question 4

Why Americans went west after the Civil War?

Answer 4

-Manifest Destiny
-Land- Homestead Act
-New start in life
-Desire to build a transcontinental railroad
-Resources like gold and silver

Question 5

Assimilation of Native Americans

Answer 5

Process of making Natives “American” by cutting hair, changing tribal identities, providing individual land plots. Assimilated means to be absorbed by the main culture of a society.

Question 6

Transcontinental Railroad

Answer 6

Railroad connecting the west and east coasts of the continental US. This led to faster and cheaper transportation of goods from manufacturing centers in the East and Midwest to the Great Plains and West. This led to growth of cities and towns along the rail lines and led to more conflicts with Native Americans over land.

Question 7

cattle drive

Answer 7

Herding and moving of cattle over long distances to railroads. Many of these started in Texas. Conflicts occurred with farmers over water supplies and grazing land.

Question 8

Homestead Act (1862)

Answer 8

Encouraged westward settlement by allowing heads of families to buy 160 acres of land for a small fee ($10-30). Settlers were required to develop and remain on the land for five years. Over 400,000 families got land through this law.

Question 9

Sodbusters

Answer 9

Name given to Great Plains farmers because they had to break through so much thick soil, called sod, in order to farm.

Question 10

Sooners

Answer 10

In 1889, people who illegally claimed land by sneaking past government officials before the land races began in Oklahoma.

Question 11

How homesteaders/sodbusters adapted to life on the Great Plains.

Answer 11

-Steel-tipped plow to cut through the thick sod
-Windmills to pump water
-Sod houses
-Barbed wire to fence property