5-6- Nationalism Influences Politics

Question 1

Henry Clay

Answer 1

United States politician responsible for the Compromise of 1820(Missouri Compromise) between free and slave states. Senator from KY who created the American system.

Question 2

American System

Answer 2

Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements. Emphasized strong role for federal government in the economy.

Question 3

John Quincy Adams

Answer 3

Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas. The Monroe Doctrine was mostly Adams’ work.

Question 4

Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

Answer 4

Treaty that ceded Spanish Florida to the U.S.

Question 5

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Answer 5

Written by John Q. Adams, this doctrine stated that Europeans could not intervene in the Western Hemisphere and in exchange the U.S. would not interfere with existing European colonies and wars. If Europe intervened, the U.S. would interpret this as dangerous to U.S. national security and take appropriate action.

Question 6

Compromise of 1820(Missouri Compromise)

Answer 6

Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state and Maine as a free state maintaining the balance of power in the Senate. Banned slavery in the Louisiana Purchase territory north of the 36 degree 30 minutes North latitude line. Escaped slaves could be gathered in free territories and states.

Question 7

James Monroe

Answer 7

He was the fifth President of the United States. He is the author of the Monroe Doctrine. Proclaimed that the Americas should be closed to future European colonization and free from European interference. It further stated the United States’ intention to stay neutral in European wars.

Question 8

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Answer 8

The Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank using the Constitution’s supremacy clause. The Court’s broad interpretation of the necessary and proper clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers.

Question 9

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Answer 9

The Supreme Court upheld broad congressional power to regulate interstate commerce. The Court’s broad interpretation of the Constitution’s commerce clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers.