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Elsevier Bacteriology (RVSP) > 7. Aerobic Gram-positive Bacilli > Flashcards

7. Aerobic Gram-positive Bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

Spore forming aerobic gram-positive bacilli

A

Bacillus spp.

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2
Q

Non-spore forming aerobic gram-positive bacilli

A

Listeria
Erysipelothrix
Corynebacterium

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3
Q

Bacillus spp. are found in

A

Soil

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4
Q

True/False. Only some Bacillus spp. form endospores.

A

False

ALL species of Bacillus form endospores

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5
Q

Catalase reaction of Bacillus spp.

A

Catalase positive

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6
Q

Bacillus spp. that is commonly associated with food poisoning

A

Bacillus cereus

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7
Q

Type of food poisoning that is from meat, 24 hours, self-limiting

A

Diarrheal

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8
Q

Type of food poisoning from fried rice, 10 hours, self limiting

A

Emetic

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9
Q

Produced by B. cereus that causes the food poisoning

A

Toxin

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10
Q

Colony morphology of B. cereus

A

Large
Spreading
β-hemolytic

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11
Q

Catalase reaction of B. cereus

A

Catalase positive

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12
Q

Most common disease cause by B. cereus

A

Food poisoning

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13
Q

Most virulent Bacillus spp.

A

B. anthracis

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14
Q

How do humans acquire B. anthracis?

A

Contact with anthrax-infected animals or animal products (no person-to-person spread)

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15
Q

Clinical presentation of B. anthracis

A

Anthrax

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16
Q

3 forms of Anthrax

A

Cutaneous
Inhalation
Gastrointestinal

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17
Q

Anthrax form that is most commonly encountered in naturally occuring cases

A

Cutaneous

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18
Q

Incubation period of cutaneous anthrax

A

1-12 days

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19
Q

Anthrax form that begins as a “viral-like” illness

A

Inhalation anthrax

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20
Q

Incubation period of inhalation anthrax

A

1-7 days

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21
Q

Anthrax form that exhibits abdominal distress, usually accompanied by bloody vomiting or diarrhea

A

GI anthrax

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22
Q

True/False. Recovery from Anthrax confers immunity.

A

True

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23
Q

Antibiotics used after exposure to anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin

Tetracycline

24
Q

Colony morphology of Bacillus anthracis

A

Medium to large irregular
Gray
Medusa head projections, non hemolytic

25
Q

Catalase reaction of Bacillus anthracis

A

Catalase positive

26
Q

Microscopic chracteristics of Listeria spp.

A

Gram-positive short rods or coccobacilli

27
Q

What temperature can Listeria spp. grow unlike other bacteria?

A

4°C

28
Q

Most virulent Listeria spp.

A

Listeria monocytogenes

29
Q

Disease caused by L. monocytogenes

A

Listeriosis

30
Q

Habitat of Listeria spp.

A

Soil

Decaying vegetation

31
Q

True/False. Listeriosis can be passed onto the fetus

A

True

32
Q

Colony morphology of L. monocytogenes

A

β-hemolytic
Umbrella pattern motility
Growth at 4°C

33
Q

Most clinically significant Erysipelothrix spp.

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

34
Q

Disease caused by E. rhusiopathiae; a cutaneous infection in humans occasionally acquired by contact with infected animals

A

Erysipeloid

35
Q

Microscopic appearance of E. rhusiopathiae

A

Small gram-positive bacilli occuring singly/short chains/filaments

36
Q

Oxygen requirements of E. rhusiopathiae

A

Aerobic/facultative anaerobic

37
Q

Catalase reaction of E. rhusiopathiae

A

Catalase negative

38
Q

Specimen of choice for E. rhusiopathiae

A

Skin biopsy

39
Q

Gram stain appearance of suspect lesion for E. rhusiopathiae

A

Pleomorphic gram-positive Bacillus

40
Q

Agar used to cultivate E. rhusiopathiae

A

SBA with 5-10% CO2

41
Q

H2S reaction of E. rhusiopathiae on TSI slant

A

H2S positive

42
Q

Microscopic appearance of Corynebacterium spp.

A

Small gram-positive bacilli

May resemble Chinese letters

43
Q

Chracteristic colonial morphology of Corynebacterium spp.

A

Dry

44
Q

Most significant Corynebacterium human pathogen

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

45
Q

Produced by C. diphtheriae that causes death of eukaryotic cells and tissues by inhibition of cell protein synthesis

A

Exotoxin

46
Q

Vaccine for C. diphtheriae which maintains the antigenicity of the toxin without the toxicity and prompts production of toxin-neutralizing antibody

A

Toxoid

47
Q

General media for C. diphtheriae

A

5% SBA

48
Q

Selective medium for C. diphtheriae

A

Cystine-tellurite medium (CTBA)

49
Q

Colony morphology of C. diphtheriae in CTBA

A

Black to gray

50
Q

Differential medium for C. diphtheriae

A

Tinsdale

51
Q

Colony morphology of C. diphtheriae in Tinsdale medium

A

Black with brown halos

52
Q

Urease reaction of C. diphtheriae

A

Urease negative

53
Q

Nitrate reaction of C. diphtheriae

A

Nitrate positive

54
Q

Catalase reaction of C. diphtheriae

A

Catalase positive

55
Q

Corynebacterium spp. important in nosocomial or immunocompromised people

A

C. jeikeium

56
Q

Corynebacteria count that is significant in urine specimens

A

> 10^4 CFU/mL

57
Q

Genera under aerobic gram-positive bacilli

A

Bacillus
Listeria (+Erysipelothrix)
Corynebacterium

Elsevier Bacteriology (RVSP) (34 decks)

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