3. Family Staphylococcaceae

Question 1

Catalase reaction of the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 1

Catalase positive

Question 2

Oxygen requirements of the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 2

Aerobic to facultative anaerobic

Question 3

Motility of the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 3

Nonmotile

Question 4

Carbohydrate fermented by the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 4

Glucose

Question 5

Test used to differentiate species of the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 5

Coagulase test

Question 6

Clinically significant coagulase-positive species of the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 6

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 7

Clinically significant coagulase-negative species of the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 7

S. epidermidis

S. saprophyticus

Question 8

Most clinically important species of the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 8

S. aureus

Question 9

Natural reservior of S. aureus

Answer 9

Humans

Question 10

Shortly after birth, where does S. aureus colonize?

Answer 10

Nasopharynx

Perineum skin

Question 11

MOT of S. aureus

Answer 11

Direct contact with a colonized carrier

Question 12

True/False. Symptomatic colonization is more common than asymptomatic colonization of S. aureus

Answer 12

False

Asymptomatic colonization is more common

Question 13

Superficial skin lesions caused by S. aureus

Answer 13

Furuncles
Impetigo
Boils
Sties

FIBS

Question 14

Invasive diseases caused by by S. aureus

Answer 14

Pneumonia
Arthritis
Mastitis
Endocarditis
Meningitis
Osteomyelitis

PAMEMO

Question 15

Toxin diseases caused by S. aureus

Answer 15

• Scalded skin syndrome (Ritter’s disease)

- Toxic shock syndrome

Question 16

Localized presentation of Scalded Skin Syndrome

Answer 16

Bullous impetigo (large pustule)

Question 17

Generalized presentation of Scalded Skin Syndrome

Answer 17

Profuse peeling of the epidermal layer of skin

Question 18

S. aureus toxin that causes Toxic Shock Syndrome

Answer 18

Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1)/Enterotoxin F

Question 19

S. aureus disease that has a higher prevalence with tampon use

Answer 19

Toxic shock syndrome

Question 20

S. aureus species that are resistant to antibiotics

Answer 20

• Oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (ORSA)

- Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)

Question 21

Antibiotics that ORSA and MRSA are resistant to

Answer 21

Methicillin
Oxacillin
Nafcillin
Penicillin
Amoxicillin

MONPA

Question 22

Nondissemination of S. aureus results to

Answer 22

Local disease (e.g., boils)

Question 23

Dissemination of S. aureus results to

Answer 23

Pneumonia

Bone and joint infection

Question 24

S. aureus heat-stable exotoxins that cause diarrhea and vomiting

Answer 24

Enterotoxins

Question 25

Enterotoxins that are resistant to gastric and digestive acids

Answer 25

Enterotoxins A & D

Question 26

True/False. Toxins are preformed in foods

Answer 26

True

Question 27

S. aureus toxin that causes sloughing of the skin; also causes widespread systemic immune response

Answer 27

Epidermolytic toxin

Question 28

S. aureus toxin, similar to TSST-1 but a different site in skin

Answer 28

Exfoliative toxin

Question 29

S. aureus hemolysin that destroys RBCs, platelets and tissue

Answer 29

Alpha α-hemolysin

Question 30

S. aureus hemolysin that destroys RBCs

Answer 30

Beta β-hemolysin

Question 31

S. aureus hemolysin that causes injury, less lethal

Answer 31

Gamma δ-hemolysin

Question 32

S. aureus exotoxin that is lethal to PMNs; may suppress phagocytosis

Answer 32

Panton-Valentine leukocidin

Question 33

S. aureus enzyme that causes coagulation of surrounding

Answer 33

Coagulase

Question 34

S. aureus enzyme that hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid in connective tissue

Answer 34

Hyaluronidase

Question 35

S. aureus enzyme that aids colonization by acting on sebaceous glands

Answer 35

Lipase

Question 36

S. aureus enzyme that breaks down antistaphylococcal lipids made by the host

Answer 36

Fatty acid-modifying enzyme

Question 37

Protein that is found in S. aureus cell wall; bind Fc portion of Ig to avoid phagocytosis

Answer 37

Protein A

Question 38

Most common cause of hospital-acquired urinary tract infection

Answer 38

S. epidermidis

Question 39

Staphylococcous spp. that is predominantly hospital acquired

Answer 39

S. epidermidis

Question 40

Staphylococcous spp. that causes UTI; predominant in young, sexually active women

Answer 40

S. saprophyticus

Question 41

Media used for lab diagnosis of Staphylococcal infections

Answer 41

``` CHROMagar CHROMagar MRSA CNA Mannitol salt agar PEA ```

Question 42

Colony morphology of S. aureus

Answer 42

Medium to large Ivory to yellow Beta-hemolytic

Question 43

Catalase reaction of S. aureus

Answer 43

Catalase positive

Question 44

Coagulase reaction of S. aureus

Answer 44

Coagulase positive

Question 45

Does S. aureus grow in Mannitol salt agar?

Answer 45

Yes

Question 46

Colony morphology of S. epidermidis

Answer 46

Small to medium White Nonhemolytic

Question 47

Coagulase reaction of S. epidermidis

Answer 47

Coagulase negative

Question 48

Colony morphology of S. saprophyticus

Answer 48

Large | 50% produces a yellow pigment

Question 49

Coagulase reaction of S. saprophyticus

Answer 49

Coagulase negative

Question 50

Novobiocin susceptibility of S. saprophyticus

Answer 50

Novobiocin resistant

Question 51

S. aureus toxin that causes Scalded Skin Syndrome (Ritter's disease)

Answer 51

Epidermolytic toxin

Question 52

Microscopic characteristics of the family Staphylococcaceae

Answer 52

Gram-positive cocci in clusters or tetrads