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Elsevier Bacteriology (RVSP) > 4. Family Streptococcaceae > Flashcards

4. Family Streptococcaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Catalase reaction of the family Streptococcaceae

A

Catalase negative

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2
Q

Type of hemolysis; conversion of hemoglobin to methemoglobin resulting in a green zone in the blood agar around a colony

A

Alpha (α)

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3
Q

Type of hemolysis; lysis of sheep RBCs in the blood agar plates

A

Beta (β)

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4
Q

Lancefield grouping; nonhemolytic

A

Gamma (γ)

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5
Q

Lancefield group of Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Group A

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6
Q

Causative agent of pharyngitis: “strep throat”

A

S. pyogenes

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7
Q

2 complications of S. pyogenes infections

A

Rheumatic fever

Acute glomerulonephritis

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8
Q

S. pyogenes sequelae; can cause chronic, progressive damage to the heart

A

Rheumatic fever

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9
Q

S. pyogenes sequelae; circulating immune complexes deposit in glomeruli; inflammatory response causes damage

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

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10
Q

Virulence factor of S. pyogenes; for attachment

A

M protein

Lipoteichoic acid

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11
Q

Virulence factor of S. pyogenes; inhibits phagocytosis

A

Hyaluronic acid capsule

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12
Q

S. pyogenes toxin that causes the rash in scarlet fever

A

Pyrogenic (erythrogenic) toxin

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13
Q

Enzyme by S. pyogenes; lyses fibrin clot

A

Streptokinase

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14
Q

Enzyme by S. pyogenes; dissolves purulent/fibrinous secretions

A

Streptodornase (DNase B)

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15
Q

Streptolysins by S. pyogenes

A

Streptolysin O and S

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16
Q

Microscopic appearance of S. pyogenes

A

Gram-positive cocci in chains

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17
Q

Colony morphology of S. pyogenes

A

Small
Transparent
Smooth
β-hemolytic colonies

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18
Q

Bacitracin susceptibility of S. pyogenes

A

Bacitracin susceptible

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19
Q

L-pyrrolidonyl arylamidase (PYR) reaction of S. pyogenes

A

PYR positive

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20
Q

Penicillin susceptibility of S. pyogenes

A

Penicillin susceptible

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21
Q

Lancefield group of S. agalactiae

A

Group B

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22
Q

Body parts/organs where S. agalactiae is normal flora

A

Female genital tract

Gastrointestinal tract

23
Q

Diseases caused by S. agalactiae

A
  • Pneumonia in elderly
  • UTI
  • Neonatal sepsis and meningitis

PUN

24
Q

When is S. agalactiae transmitted vertically from the mother?

A

In early-onset neonatal disease (0-6 days)

25
When is S. agalactiae transmitted horizontally?
In late-onset meningitis (7 days - 3 months age)
26
Virulence factors for S. agalactiae
Capsule Hemolysin Hyaluronidase Protease CHHP
27
Colony morphology of S. agalactiae
Grayish-white Slightly mucoid Larger colony than group A Small-zone of β-hemolysis
28
Hippurate reaction of S. agalactiae
Hippurate positive
29
CAMP test reaction of S. agalactiae
CAMP test positive
30
Penicillin susceptibility of S. agalactiae
Penicillin susceptible
31
Group D Streptococcus is normal flora in the
GI tract | Urogenital tract
32
Clinical significance of Group D Streptococcus
Bacteremia | Endocarditis
33
Examples of Group D Strep
S. gallolyticus (bovis) | S. equinus
34
Colony morphology of Group D Strep
Small | White colonies with hemolysis on blood agar
35
Bile esculin reaction of Group D Strep
Bile esculin positive
36
Bile esculin reaction of Enterococcus
Bile esculin positive
37
PYR reaction of Enterococcus
PYR positive
38
True/False. Enterococcus grows in lower NaCl concentration
False. Enterococcus thrives in higher NaCl concentration
39
Enumerate the α-hemolytic streptococci
- S. pneumoniae - Viridans group streptococci - Nutritionally variant streptococci - Sometimes enterococcal species
40
Lancefield group of S. pneumoniae
No Lancefield group
41
True/False. S. pneumoniae infects humans and animals
False. S. pneumoniae infects humans EXCLUSIVELY, it has no reservoir in nature
42
Most significant disease caused by S. pneumoniae
Pneumococcal pneumonia
43
Microscopic appearance of S. pneumoniae
Gram-positive cocci in pairs | Lancet-shaped
44
Colony morphology of S. pneumoniae
Round | Usually wet, glistening, mucoid
45
Type of hemolysis exhibited by S. pneumoniae
α-hemolysis
46
Optochin susceptibility of S. pneumoniae
Optochin susceptible
47
Bile solubility of S. pneumoniae
Bile soluble
48
Viridans strep is normal flora in the
Upper respiratory tract | Urogenital tract
49
Clinical significance of Viridans strep
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
50
Type of hemolysis of Viridans strep
α-hemolysis
51
Optochin susceptibility of Viridans strep
Optochin resistant
52
Enumerate the Viridans strep
S. mutans S. anginosus S. gallolyticus (bovis) S. salivarius
53
Microscopic characteristics of the family Streptococcaceae
Gram-positive cocci in chains or pairs

Elsevier Bacteriology (RVSP) (34 decks)

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