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Elsevier Bacteriology (RVSP) > 4. Family Streptococcaceae > Flashcards

4. Family Streptococcaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Catalase reaction of the family Streptococcaceae

A

Catalase negative

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2
Q

Type of hemolysis; conversion of hemoglobin to methemoglobin resulting in a green zone in the blood agar around a colony

A

Alpha (α)

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3
Q

Type of hemolysis; lysis of sheep RBCs in the blood agar plates

A

Beta (β)

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4
Q

Lancefield grouping; nonhemolytic

A

Gamma (γ)

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5
Q

Lancefield group of Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Group A

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6
Q

Causative agent of pharyngitis: “strep throat”

A

S. pyogenes

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7
Q

2 complications of S. pyogenes infections

A

Rheumatic fever

Acute glomerulonephritis

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8
Q

S. pyogenes sequelae; can cause chronic, progressive damage to the heart

A

Rheumatic fever

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9
Q

S. pyogenes sequelae; circulating immune complexes deposit in glomeruli; inflammatory response causes damage

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

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10
Q

Virulence factor of S. pyogenes; for attachment

A

M protein

Lipoteichoic acid

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11
Q

Virulence factor of S. pyogenes; inhibits phagocytosis

A

Hyaluronic acid capsule

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12
Q

S. pyogenes toxin that causes the rash in scarlet fever

A

Pyrogenic (erythrogenic) toxin

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13
Q

Enzyme by S. pyogenes; lyses fibrin clot

A

Streptokinase

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14
Q

Enzyme by S. pyogenes; dissolves purulent/fibrinous secretions

A

Streptodornase (DNase B)

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15
Q

Streptolysins by S. pyogenes

A

Streptolysin O and S

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16
Q

Microscopic appearance of S. pyogenes

A

Gram-positive cocci in chains

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17
Q

Colony morphology of S. pyogenes

A

Small
Transparent
Smooth
β-hemolytic colonies

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18
Q

Bacitracin susceptibility of S. pyogenes

A

Bacitracin susceptible

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19
Q

L-pyrrolidonyl arylamidase (PYR) reaction of S. pyogenes

A

PYR positive

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20
Q

Penicillin susceptibility of S. pyogenes

A

Penicillin susceptible

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21
Q

Lancefield group of S. agalactiae

A

Group B

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22
Q

Body parts/organs where S. agalactiae is normal flora

A

Female genital tract

Gastrointestinal tract

23
Q

Diseases caused by S. agalactiae

A
  • Pneumonia in elderly
  • UTI
  • Neonatal sepsis and meningitis

PUN

24
Q

When is S. agalactiae transmitted vertically from the mother?

A

In early-onset neonatal disease (0-6 days)

25
Q

When is S. agalactiae transmitted horizontally?

A

In late-onset meningitis (7 days - 3 months age)

26
Q

Virulence factors for S. agalactiae

A

Capsule
Hemolysin
Hyaluronidase
Protease

CHHP

27
Q

Colony morphology of S. agalactiae

A

Grayish-white
Slightly mucoid
Larger colony than group A
Small-zone of β-hemolysis

28
Q

Hippurate reaction of S. agalactiae

A

Hippurate positive

29
Q

CAMP test reaction of S. agalactiae

A

CAMP test positive

30
Q

Penicillin susceptibility of S. agalactiae

A

Penicillin susceptible

31
Q

Group D Streptococcus is normal flora in the

A

GI tract

Urogenital tract

32
Q

Clinical significance of Group D Streptococcus

A

Bacteremia

Endocarditis

33
Q

Examples of Group D Strep

A

S. gallolyticus (bovis)

S. equinus

34
Q

Colony morphology of Group D Strep

A

Small

White colonies with hemolysis on blood agar

35
Q

Bile esculin reaction of Group D Strep

A

Bile esculin positive

36
Q

Bile esculin reaction of Enterococcus

A

Bile esculin positive

37
Q

PYR reaction of Enterococcus

A

PYR positive

38
Q

True/False. Enterococcus grows in lower NaCl concentration

A

False. Enterococcus thrives in higher NaCl concentration

39
Q

Enumerate the α-hemolytic streptococci

A
  • S. pneumoniae
  • Viridans group streptococci
  • Nutritionally variant streptococci
  • Sometimes enterococcal species
40
Q

Lancefield group of S. pneumoniae

A

No Lancefield group

41
Q

True/False. S. pneumoniae infects humans and animals

A

False. S. pneumoniae infects humans EXCLUSIVELY, it has no reservoir in nature

42
Q

Most significant disease caused by S. pneumoniae

A

Pneumococcal pneumonia

43
Q

Microscopic appearance of S. pneumoniae

A

Gram-positive cocci in pairs

Lancet-shaped

44
Q

Colony morphology of S. pneumoniae

A

Round

Usually wet, glistening, mucoid

45
Q

Type of hemolysis exhibited by S. pneumoniae

A

α-hemolysis

46
Q

Optochin susceptibility of S. pneumoniae

A

Optochin susceptible

47
Q

Bile solubility of S. pneumoniae

A

Bile soluble

48
Q

Viridans strep is normal flora in the

A

Upper respiratory tract

Urogenital tract

49
Q

Clinical significance of Viridans strep

A

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

50
Q

Type of hemolysis of Viridans strep

A

α-hemolysis

51
Q

Optochin susceptibility of Viridans strep

A

Optochin resistant

52
Q

Enumerate the Viridans strep

A

S. mutans
S. anginosus
S. gallolyticus (bovis)
S. salivarius

53
Q

Microscopic characteristics of the family Streptococcaceae

A

Gram-positive cocci in chains or pairs

Elsevier Bacteriology (RVSP) (34 decks)

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